San Marino

San Marino is one of the world’s oldest republics, perched on Mount Titano with medieval towers and sweeping views over Italy. The capital, also called San Marino, is a maze of cobbled streets, fortified walls, and quaint squares. Its Three Towers, standing on rugged peaks, once defended the tiny nation and now offer panoramic vistas. Duty-free shopping and cozy trattorias add to its charm. Though small, San Marino preserves its independence and traditions, with historical ceremonies and local wines. It’s a perfect day trip from nearby Rimini, offering history, scenery, and a glimpse into a proud microstate.

When you’re this small, name recognition is everything, and it appears to work, on some days during the summer, this little state receives as many tourists as it has inhabitants. Although largely indistinguishable from its big brother Italy, San Marino does have its own administration, proud history and thus a unique feel made all the more endearing by the friendliness of the locals.

Most visitors come to explore the capital city, San Marino, perched atop Mount Titano. The city is home to the country’s most iconic landmarks, including the Three Towers of San Marino, which offer panoramic views of the surrounding countryside, and the Palazzo Pubblico, the government building that overlooks the central square. San Marino also has a rich historical heritage, with its ancient city walls, archaeological museums, and medieval fortresses. Whether you’re hiking up the hills for stunning vistas or exploring its historical sites, San Marino provides a quiet and unique experience in the heart of Europe.

‘If it is wet, drink it’ would no doubt make a fitting slogan for little San Marino, whose sparse population likes nothing better than offering visitors a warm welcome and a cold drink. Beer and wine are especially popular, along with a lemon-based spirit. For the few visitors that do stay overnight, prices are higher than in Italy, which is just a few kilometers down the road. Food-wise, San Marino is typically Italian, serving pastas, pizza and the type of fare synonymous with the southern Mediterranean.

San Marino is a moderately priced destination, with a variety of accommodation options ranging from budget hostels and guesthouses to luxury hotels. While the country is small, its food scene offers a mix of Italian-inspired dishes and local specialties. Torta Tre Monti, a sweet layered cake, and piadina (a type of flatbread) are traditional treats to try. San Marino is also known for its local wine and grappa. Dining out is relatively affordable compared to other European destinations, especially in local restaurants, although prices can rise in the more tourist-heavy areas around the central square.

Getting around San Marino is straightforward, as it is a small country with walkable streets and well-maintained roads. Most visitors explore on foot, walking up to the Three Towers or along the medieval city walls. Public transport is limited, but buses connect the capital with nearby towns in Italy, as San Marino is landlocked within Italy. Renting a car is also an option for visitors who want to explore the surrounding area, including nearby Rimini and the Adriatic coast. Italian is the official language, and English is widely spoken in tourist areas. San Marino is a safe destination, known for its friendly locals and well-preserved historical charm.

Why Go to San Marino?

• Three Towers of San Marino: Visit the iconic Three Towers, perched on Mount Titano, offering breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding countryside.
• Medieval Architecture & City Walls: Explore San Marino’s medieval city walls, fortresses, and cobblestone streets, which preserve the country’s ancient charm.
• Palazzo Pubblico & Historical Sites: Discover Palazzo Pubblico, the National Museum, and the State Museum to learn about San Marino’s fascinating history and governance.
• Hiking & Scenic Views: Enjoy hiking trails on Mount Titano, which offer stunning vistas of the surrounding region, especially during sunset.
• Local Cuisine & Wine: Try traditional dishes like piadina, torta Tre Monti, and enjoy a glass of local wine or grappa to immerse yourself in the flavors of San Marino.
• Quaint Streets & Shops: Stroll through the historic center, where you’ll find local shops, artisan goods, and souvenirs that reflect the country’s heritage.
• UNESCO Heritage Sites: Explore the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Old City of San Marino, an ancient and well-preserved site that showcases the country’s rich cultural legacy.

Start your visit in the capital, City of San Marino, which is perched atop Mount Titano. The city is known for its well-preserved medieval architecture, narrow streets, and stunning panoramic views of the surrounding countryside. The Guaita, one of the three towers of San Marino, is a must-see. This medieval fortress offers not only a glimpse into the past but also sweeping views of the Adriatic coastline and the Apennine Mountains.

Another famous landmark is Cesta Tower, the second of the three towers, located on a higher point of Mount Titano. The tower is home to the Museum of Ancient Weapons, showcasing a fascinating collection of arms and armor from different periods. The Montale Tower, the third tower, is less visited but still offers great views and a sense of the country’s medieval history.

For a glimpse into San Marino’s history, visit the Palazzo Pubblico, the town hall located in the Piazza della Libertà. The building is home to the State Museum, which displays artifacts from San Marino’s past. The Basilica di San Marino, with its neoclassical design and beautiful interior, is another essential stop.

To experience the country’s natural beauty, take a stroll through Parco Naturale di San Marino, a natural park with hiking trails that offer spectacular views of the surrounding hills and valleys. The park is also home to diverse flora and fauna, making it a great spot for nature lovers and those seeking tranquility.

In the city’s narrow streets, you’ll also find numerous shops selling traditional San Marino products, such as ceramics, local wines, and hand-made items. Via Eugippo is the main shopping street in the historic center, where you can pick up souvenirs and local specialties.

Highlights

• City of San Marino – The capital, known for its medieval architecture, stunning views, and three historic towers.
• Guaita – The first and most famous of the three towers, offering panoramic views and a glimpse into the country’s history.
• Cesta Tower – A historic tower housing the Museum of Ancient Weapons, with impressive views and exhibits.
• Palazzo Pubblico – The town hall of San Marino, home to the State Museum and the Piazza della Libertà.
• Parco Naturale di San Marino – A natural park offering hiking trails, scenic views, and a peaceful escape into nature.

Top Cities & Towns

• City of San Marino – The country’s capital, perched on Mount Titano, with medieval streets, stunning views, and historic landmarks.
• Serravalle – A town in the south, known for its modern shopping outlets and proximity to the Italian border.
• Borgo Maggiore – A small town with a charming market square, offering views of the surrounding countryside.
• Fiorentino – A tranquil village with scenic landscapes and close access to hiking trails.
• Chiesanuova – A quiet town with lush green hills, perfect for nature walks and relaxation.

Nature & Outdoor Adventure

• Parco Naturale di San Marino – A park with hiking trails, views of Mount Titano, and a peaceful atmosphere perfect for outdoor activities.
• Mount Titano – Hike to the summit for breathtaking views of San Marino and the surrounding Italian countryside.
• Cà Raffaello – A nature reserve offering trails, wildlife, and panoramic vistas of San Marino’s hills and valleys.
• Montecerreto – A scenic area perfect for hiking, with views of San Marino’s mountain landscape.
• Grotte di Onferno – Explore this cave system located nearby for a mix of history and nature in the surrounding forests.

Historical & Cultural Sites

• Guaita – The first and most iconic tower of San Marino, offering both historical significance and spectacular views.
• Cesta Tower – The second of San Marino’s towers, with an impressive collection of medieval weapons on display.
• Palazzo Pubblico – The official government building, featuring the State Museum and stunning frescoes.
• Basilica di San Marino – A neoclassical church with a beautiful interior and a significant role in the history of the country.
• Museum of Torture – Located in the historic center, this museum offers insight into the darker aspects of medieval history.

Unique Experiences

• Hike Mount Titano – Take a scenic hike up Mount Titano, enjoying both the natural surroundings and historical sites.
• Visit the Three Towers – Explore all three of San Marino’s iconic towers, each offering stunning views and a peek into the country’s history.
• Relax in Parco Naturale di San Marino – Spend a day hiking, picnicking, and enjoying the tranquil beauty of this natural park.
• Shop on Via Eugippo – Wander down the charming shopping streets of City of San Marino, picking up local crafts, wine, and souvenirs.
• Visit the State Museum – Learn about the history of San Marino through a diverse range of exhibits, from prehistoric to modern times.

The capital, San Marino City, is perched atop Monte Titano, where cobblestone streets wind through fortified walls, leading to the iconic Three Towers of San Marino, Guaita, Cesta, and Montale, which offer breathtaking views over the surrounding countryside and the Adriatic Sea on clear days. Visitors can explore the grand Piazza della Libertà, home to the Palazzo Pubblico, the seat of government, or wander through the quaint shops selling ceramics, leather goods, and duty-free products.

Beyond the historic center, San Marino’s cultural treasures invite exploration. The elegant Basilica di San Marino showcases neoclassical architecture, while the Museo di Stato displays artifacts tracing the republic’s long history. For a quirky touch, the Museum of Torture and the Vampire Museum add a unique twist to the sightseeing experience. Surrounding the capital, scenic hiking trails wind through the wooded slopes of Monte Titano, perfect for nature lovers.

• Scuba Diving: San Marino is landlocked, so scuba diving is not an activity offered in the country. However, visitors can explore nearby coastal areas in Italy, such as Rimini, which offers diving opportunities.
• Motorcycle Touring: San Marino, due to its small size and mountainous terrain, is ideal for exploring by motorcycle. The winding roads around Mount Titano offer a scenic ride, but motorcycling is not as widespread as in larger countries.
• Nightlife & Partying: San Marino’s nightlife is relatively low-key compared to larger European cities, but the capital offers a mix of bars, clubs, and live music venues. You’ll find a relaxed atmosphere, with a focus on local wine and food.
• Rock Climbing: The rugged landscape of Mount Titano offers opportunities for rock climbing, with various climbing routes that reward adventurers with stunning views over the surrounding hills and valleys.
• Bicycle Touring: San Marino’s hilly terrain offers challenging and scenic routes for cyclists. Whether on road bikes or mountain bikes, the country provides a mix of uphill climbs and downhill descents, with breathtaking vistas at every turn.
• Golfing: San Marino has limited golfing facilities. There is a small golf course near the capital, but the golfing scene is not as developed as in other European countries. However, the country’s small size and scenic hills make for a relaxing game.
• Shopping: San Marino offers a great selection of shops, especially for those interested in local products like ceramics, souvenirs, and fine wines. The city center has boutiques and artisan shops selling unique items, particularly around the main square.
• Trekking: San Marino is perfect for trekking, especially around the rugged terrain of Mount Titano. The trails lead through forests and rocky paths, offering beautiful views and a chance to explore the country’s medieval fortifications.
• Mountain Biking: The mountainous terrain of San Marino offers excellent mountain biking routes. Trails around Mount Titano and the surrounding hills allow cyclists to enjoy challenging rides through picturesque landscapes.
• White Water Rafting: San Marino lacks the rivers and rapids needed for white-water rafting. However, visitors can enjoy other water activities like kayaking and sailing along the nearby Adriatic coast in Italy.
• Wind Surfing: San Marino is landlocked, but the Adriatic coast in nearby Italy provides excellent windsurfing conditions, particularly around Rimini, which is just a short distance from San Marino.

Cultural Experiences

San Marino’s culture is steeped in history, with deep roots in medieval Europe. The country’s unique status as an independent republic has allowed it to preserve its traditions, making it a fascinating destination for history and culture enthusiasts.

• Visiting Guaita Fortress: The Guaita Fortress, perched atop Mount Titano, is one of the three towers of San Marino and offers panoramic views of the country and beyond. It’s the oldest and most famous fortress, dating back to the 11th century.
• Exploring the City of San Marino: The city itself is a UNESCO World Heritage site and offers a charming atmosphere with cobblestone streets, medieval architecture, and stunning views. The historical center, with its narrow alleys and historic buildings, is a delight to explore.
• Visiting the Palazzo Pubblico: The Palazzo Pubblico is the seat of San Marino’s government and houses the city’s main square. The building itself is an architectural marvel, and visitors can learn about the country’s long history of independence.
• Exploring the San Marino Museum of Art: Located in the capital, this museum features a wide range of art from the Middle Ages to modern-day works, providing insight into the country’s cultural development and the influence of various European movements.
• Discovering the Basilica di San Marino: The Basilica di San Marino, located in the heart of the city, is a beautiful example of neoclassical architecture. It’s dedicated to Saint Marinus, the country’s founder, and is a peaceful spot for reflection and admiring the interior artwork.

Natural Experiences

Though small in size, San Marino boasts stunning natural beauty. The mountainous landscape, lush greenery, and Mediterranean climate make it a perfect destination for nature lovers.

• Hiking Mount Titano: Mount Titano, San Marino’s highest peak, is a must-visit for outdoor enthusiasts. The mountain offers several hiking trails that lead to the three fortresses, providing breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.
• Exploring the Natural Park of San Marino: This park covers much of Mount Titano and its surrounding areas, offering numerous trails for hiking and nature walks. Visitors can enjoy the natural beauty of forests, wildflowers, and panoramic views.
• Relaxing at Lake Garda: While not located directly in San Marino, Lake Garda is close enough to make for a perfect day trip. The lake offers a peaceful atmosphere with opportunities for boat rides, swimming, and hiking in its surrounding hills.
• Visiting the Cava dei Balestrieri: This natural reserve is an excellent place for a quiet walk or picnic. The site is home to a variety of local flora and fauna, making it ideal for nature lovers and bird watchers.
• Strolling through Parco del Monte Cerreto: This park offers visitors a tranquil space to relax, with scenic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. It’s also a great spot for hiking and nature walks.

Urban Experiences

Despite its small size, San Marino offers a variety of urban experiences. The capital city, with its medieval buildings and charming atmosphere, provides plenty of opportunities for exploration, shopping, and dining.

• Wandering Through the City Walls: The city walls of San Marino are some of the best-preserved medieval fortifications in Europe. Walking along the walls offers visitors a glimpse into the country’s defense system and spectacular views of the surrounding area.
• Exploring Piazza della Libertà: This main square in the heart of San Marino is the center of political life and a hub for tourists. The square features impressive government buildings and is a great spot for people-watching and enjoying the local atmosphere.
• Strolling Through the Shopping Streets: San Marino’s narrow streets are lined with charming shops offering everything from high-end fashion to traditional souvenirs. The city is a tax-free haven, making it a great place for shopping.
• Visiting the Museum of Torture: Located in the historical center of San Marino, the Museum of Torture displays instruments of torture from various periods in history. It’s an intriguing and slightly eerie experience for history enthusiasts.
• Enjoying Local Cuisine in the Capital: San Marino’s capital offers many restaurants and cafes where visitors can enjoy local specialties such as “torta di San Marino” (a traditional cake) and a variety of Italian-inspired dishes.

Unique Experiences

San Marino offers a variety of unique experiences that showcase its distinctive blend of history, culture, and stunning landscapes.

• Climbing the Towers of San Marino: San Marino is known for its three medieval towers, which are connected by walking paths. Visiting all three provides a unique opportunity to explore the country’s military history and enjoy panoramic views.
• Participating in the Medieval Days Festival: Held every September, the Medieval Days Festival is a lively event where visitors can experience medieval life through reenactments, music, and traditional crafts. It’s a great way to immerse yourself in the history of San Marino.
• Staying in a Historic Hotel: There are several hotels in San Marino that offer a historical experience, with buildings dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries. Staying in one of these charming hotels adds to the feeling of stepping back in time.
• Touring the San Marino Wine Cellars: San Marino is home to a small but quality wine-making tradition. Visitors can take a tour of local wine cellars, sample wines, and learn about the country’s wine production process.
• Walking Through the Historical Village of Borgo Maggiore: Borgo Maggiore, located at the base of Mount Titano, is a charming medieval village with narrow streets and beautiful stone buildings. It’s an ideal spot to explore local culture and shop for artisanal products.

Weird and Wonderful

San Marino offers some quirky attractions that add to its charm and make it a fun place to visit.

• The Museum of Curiosities: Located in the heart of the city, the Museum of Curiosities showcases strange and unusual items from around the world, offering a quirky and offbeat experience for visitors.
• Visiting the Secret Gardens of San Marino: Tucked away in quiet corners of the city, these hidden gardens offer a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle. Many are located near historical sites and offer stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
• Exploring the San Marino World War II Memorial: This unusual memorial, located on the outskirts of the capital, offers a unique insight into the country’s involvement in WWII. The small but poignant site is dedicated to the people who lived through the war.

It may be part of the developed world, but San Marino’s transport infrastructure would leave you thinking otherwise. Roads are scarce; cars even more so. There are no direct air links to the country and similarly no train network, meaning that all traffic is via Italy, with the nearest major airports being Rimini, Ancona and Bologna. Most visitors get here on the number 72 bus from nearby Rimini, a regular service at very little cost.

The country is compact, so getting around is relatively easy with public buses, taxis, and car rentals. Due to its size, walking is often the most enjoyable way to explore, especially in its historic center. For those who prefer a bit more flexibility, ride-sharing services are available in nearby Italian cities, and trains in Italy can provide access to the country.

Train

San Marino does not have its own train network. However, it is easily accessible by train from nearby Rimini in Italy, which is the closest railway station. From Rimini, you can take a bus or a taxi to reach San Marino (approximately 30 minutes).

• Rimini to San Marino: A taxi or bus ride from Rimini station to San Marino is the best way to reach the country from Italy.

For domestic travel within San Marino, walking, buses, or taxis are the preferred methods.

Bus

The San Marino Bus Network connects the country to surrounding Italian cities and provides local transport within the country. Buses are the primary mode of transportation for visitors traveling from Rimini or other parts of Italy.

• Rimini to San Marino (30 minutes): A bus service connects the Italian city of Rimini to the capital of San Marino, City of San Marino.
• San Marino to Serravalle (20 minutes): A local bus connecting the capital to Serravalle, a town in the southern part of the country.

Buses are affordable, but they can be slow due to traffic, especially on the winding roads leading to the city center. It’s best to check the schedules ahead of time for intercity travel.

Car Rental

Renting a car is a great option for those who want to explore San Marino’s countryside, hilltop towns, and nearby attractions in Italy. While San Marino is small, renting a car allows more flexibility to visit local villages and mountainous areas.

• Renting a car in Rimini allows easy access to San Marino and nearby areas like San Leo, Montefeltro, and Rimini’s beaches.
• Driving in San Marino can be challenging due to steep hills and narrow streets, especially within the historic center, so be prepared for limited parking options.

Car rentals provide flexibility to visit the outskirts of the country and nearby attractions in Italy, but city driving can be difficult in San Marino City due to its traffic and limited parking.

Ride Share

Ride-sharing services like Uber are not available in San Marino, but taxis and local transport provide alternative options. Taxis are available for short trips or airport transfers from nearby cities in Italy.

• Taxis in San Marino are easy to find at major hotels or can be pre-booked via phone or apps.
• For those visiting from Rimini, taking a taxi to San Marino is a convenient option.

For short trips around the country or travel to nearby regions, taxis and local transport are the most common choices, as ride-sharing services are not widely available.

Ferries

San Marino is landlocked and does not have any ferry services. However, ferries are available from nearby Rimini, which is the closest coastal city to San Marino, providing access to the Adriatic Sea.

• Rimini to Croatia: Ferries operate from Rimini Port to Croatia, particularly to Split and Pula, ideal for travelers continuing their journey along the Adriatic coast.

For those wishing to explore more coastal regions, ferries can provide access to nearby Italian and Croatian ports, but for domestic travel within San Marino, buses or cars are better suited.

Air

San Marino does not have its own international airport. The closest airport is Federico Fellini International Airport (RMI) in Rimini, Italy, located about 20 kilometers (12 miles) from San Marino. From the airport, travelers can take a taxi or bus to reach the country.

• Rimini to San Marino: A taxi or bus ride from Federico Fellini Airport to San Marino is quick and easy.

Flying to Rimini and then taking a taxi or bus is the best option for international travelers arriving by air.

Taxis

Taxis are available in San Marino for short trips around the country. While taxis are generally more expensive than buses, they are convenient for those needing a ride to or from the city center or mountainous areas.

• Taxis in San Marino are easy to find at major tourist spots, hotels, or can be booked by phone.
• Taxis in Rimini can also take you to San Marino from the airport or train station.

Taxis are great for quick transfers, especially if you’re carrying luggage or traveling to less accessible locations, but for daily travel, buses or walking are more affordable.

Public Transport in Cities

Public transport in San Marino is mainly provided by buses, with local buses connecting key parts of the country. However, due to the country’s small size, many visitors prefer to explore by foot.

• Public buses in San Marino are inexpensive and provide easy access to the main towns and attractions.
• The city center of San Marino City is best explored on foot, as it is a compact and historically preserved area with narrow streets and pedestrian zones.

Public transport in San Marino is inexpensive and efficient, but the country’s compact size makes walking a great alternative for exploring most areas.

Given its stature and geographical location, San Marino is unsurprisingly free of turmoil, which thus makes it one of the safest countries in Europe, if not the world. Having escaped invasion for so long, it would take an enormous stroke of bad luck for things to go array nowadays. Crime is low, but given the huge numbers of tourists that come in the summer, it is always wise to keep an eye on your camera and wallet.

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, bag snatching, or phone theft, is extremely rare but can occur in crowded tourist spots like the historic city center of San Marino City, particularly during busy times or special events. Violent crime is virtually nonexistent, and the country enjoys a high standard of public safety. However, travelers should still exercise basic precautions, especially in crowded areas or at night in unfamiliar places.

Health risks in San Marino are minimal, with a clean environment, good food hygiene, and excellent medical facilities available in nearby Italy. Tap water is safe to drink, and foodborne illnesses are uncommon. San Marino has good healthcare standards, though travelers may need to seek specialized treatment in nearby Italian cities. Travel insurance with medical coverage is advisable, especially for those planning to explore remote areas or engaging in outdoor activities.

Scams & Petty Crime: Petty theft, such as pickpocketing or bag snatching, is rare but may occur in crowded areas or tourist sites. San Marino’s small size and low crime rate make it generally safe, but travelers should still secure their valuables and remain aware of their surroundings, particularly in busy areas or near tourist attractions.

Political Unrest: San Marino is politically stable, with no significant unrest or disturbances affecting tourists. Protests and demonstrations are rare and typically peaceful. Travelers should feel safe but should avoid large gatherings and stay informed about any local events that might cause disruption.

Diseases: San Marino has no major disease risks. Foodborne illnesses are uncommon, thanks to high food safety standards. Tap water is safe to drink throughout the country. There are no concerns about mosquito-borne diseases or other widespread health issues.

Health Facilities: The healthcare system in San Marino is of a high standard, with modern medical facilities available. For more specialized care, travelers may need to visit Italy, as San Marino is a small country. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical treatment and evacuation, especially for visitors planning to explore more remote areas.

Road Conditions: Road conditions in San Marino are good, though the roads in the old city are narrow and winding due to the country’s mountainous terrain. Driving is generally safe, but it is advisable to take extra care when driving in rural areas or the hilly regions surrounding the city. Public transportation is limited, so renting a car is a good option for exploring the country.

Food & Water: Tap water is safe to drink throughout San Marino, and food hygiene is excellent. Street food is available in some areas and is generally safe to eat when purchased from busy and reputable vendors. Travelers should always ensure food is freshly prepared to minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses.

Nature’s Fury: San Marino is not prone to major natural disasters. However, it does experience occasional heavy rainfall, which can lead to localized flooding, particularly in lower-lying areas. Earthquakes are also possible, though they are rare. Travelers should check weather conditions and stay informed about potential risks during heavy rain seasons or in areas with seismic activity.

San Marino’s political independence and rich heritage make it an intriguing destination for history lovers and those interested in exploring a unique European microstate. The country’s relatively small size, just 61 square kilometers, belies the depth of its historical significance and the beauty of its landscapes.

Food

San Marino’s cuisine is heavily influenced by Italian traditions, with an emphasis on simple, hearty dishes made from fresh, local ingredients. Much like its neighboring regions in Italy, food in San Marino is often based around pasta, cheese, olive oil, meat, and seasonal vegetables. The food here is comfort-oriented and often enjoyed with the country’s own local wine.

Language

The official language of San Marino is Italian, as it shares cultural and linguistic ties with its much larger neighbor, Italy. The majority of the population speaks Italian, and it is used in government, education, and daily life. However, San Marino has its own local dialect, which is a variant of Italian, spoken by some of the older generations, though it is less common in modern use. English is also widely understood, particularly in tourist areas, making it easy for visitors to navigate the country.

History

San Marino’s history is rooted in its medieval origins, dating back to 301 AD, when it was founded by Saint Marinus as a refuge from Roman persecution. Its long-standing independence, even amid the changing tides of European empires, is a testament to its resilience and determination to maintain its freedom. The country became an official republic in the Middle Ages, and it has remained one of the few sovereign states to have never been conquered.

San Marino’s political system has remained largely unchanged for centuries, with a parliamentary republic that is led by two elected Captains Regent who serve as heads of state. Despite its small size, San Marino has managed to maintain a high degree of independence, establishing itself as a symbol of political freedom in the heart of Europe.