Peru

Most visitors come for Machu Picchu, the legendary Incan city perched high in the Andes, but there’s so much more to see. The Sacred Valley is dotted with Incan ruins and Quechua villages, while Cusco, the former capital of the Inca Empire, is a beautiful mix of colonial and indigenous influences. Beyond the mountains, Peru offers incredible diversity—sand dunes and oasis towns in the coastal desert, the deep jungle of the Amazon basin, and the vast waters of Lake Titicaca, the world’s highest navigable lake. Food is another highlight, with Peruvian cuisine ranked among the best in the world, from fresh ceviche to hearty lomo saltado.

Peru is affordable compared to Western countries but varies depending on location. Cusco and Machu Picchu are more expensive, while cities like Arequipa or Trujillo are budget-friendly. Hostels, guesthouses, and mid-range hotels are widely available, and food is cheap if you eat at local markets or menú restaurants. Street food is safe in most places—try anticuchos (grilled beef heart skewers) or choclo con queso (giant corn with cheese). Western food is easy to find in Lima and tourist areas, but Peruvian food is so good there’s little reason to look elsewhere.

Getting around Peru is straightforward but requires patience. Long-distance buses are cheap and comfortable, though distances are huge. Domestic flights save time on longer routes, especially between Lima and the Amazon or Cusco. In cities, taxis and colectivos (shared minibuses) are the main transport, but always agree on a price beforehand since meters are rare. Altitude sickness can be a challenge in Cusco, Puno, and Huaraz—acclimate slowly and drink coca tea to help. Safety is generally good, though petty theft is common in cities. Stick to trusted transport and be cautious with valuables.

Why Go to Peru

• Machu Picchu & The Inca Trail: The legendary lost city of the Incas, accessible by train or a multi-day trek through breathtaking Andean scenery.

• The Sacred Valley & Cusco: Stunning Incan ruins, traditional Quechua villages, and the lively, historic streets of Cusco.

• Lake Titicaca & Its Floating Islands: Home to the Uros people, who live on islands made of reeds, and traditional communities on Taquile and Amantaní.

• Peruvian Cuisine: From fresh ceviche on the coast to alpaca steak in the mountains, Peru is a food lover’s paradise.

• Nazca Lines & Coastal Deserts: Enormous ancient geoglyphs etched into the desert, still a mystery to archaeologists.

• Amazon Rainforest Adventures: The jungles of Iquitos and Puerto Maldonado offer wildlife-rich adventures deep in the Amazon.

• Colca Canyon & The Andes: One of the world’s deepest canyons, home to traditional villages and soaring condors.

Peru is located on the western coast of South America, bordered by Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of the most geographically diverse countries in the world, featuring the Andes Mountains, Amazon Rainforest, and coastal deserts. Peru is famous for its Inca heritage, colonial cities, and diverse ecosystems.

Peru is divided into three major geographic regions: the Coast (Costa), the Andes (Sierra), and the Amazon (Selva). The Coastal Region is a dry desert strip along the Pacific, home to Lima and archaeological sites like Nazca. The Andes Mountains run through the center, featuring Machu Picchu, Cusco, and Lake Titicaca. The Amazon Region in the east is part of the Amazon Basin, with dense rainforests and rich biodiversity.

Tourism in Peru is centered around historical ruins, colonial cities, trekking, wildlife, and cuisine. The climate varies greatly, with dry coastal conditions, cold mountain temperatures, and hot, humid weather in the Amazon.

Most international visitors arrive at Jorge Chávez International Airport in Lima, the capital. Other major entry points include Cusco (for Machu Picchu), Arequipa, and Iquitos (gateway to the Amazon). Overland entry is possible from Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile, with popular border crossings at Tumbes (Ecuador) and Desaguadero (Bolivia).

Map Links: Google Maps | Apple Maps
Coordinates (for GPS): 9°11‘23.88”S, 75°0‘54.55”W

Coast (Costa)

The coastal region includes Peru’s capital, desert landscapes, and pre-Columbian archaeological sites. It is home to many of the country’s largest cities and most important historical sites.

• Lima – The capital, known for its colonial center, world-class cuisine, and museums.
• Paracas – A coastal town with access to the Ballestas Islands and Paracas National Reserve.
• Nazca – Famous for the Nazca Lines, giant geoglyphs etched into the desert.
• Trujillo – A colonial city near Chan Chan, the largest adobe city in the world.
• Mancora – A popular beach town known for surfing and nightlife.

Andes (Sierra)

The Andes Mountains run through the center of Peru, featuring Inca ruins, high-altitude cities, and breathtaking trekking routes.

• Cusco – The former Inca capital and gateway to Machu Picchu.
• Machu Picchu – The iconic Inca citadel and Peru’s top tourist attraction.
• Arequipa – A colonial city surrounded by volcanoes, known for its Santa Catalina Monastery.
• Lake Titicaca – The world’s highest navigable lake, home to the Uros floating islands.
• Huaraz – A trekking hub in the Cordillera Blanca, offering access to world-class hikes.

Amazon (Selva)

The Peruvian Amazon is one of the most biodiverse regions on Earth, with rainforests, rivers, and indigenous communities.

• Iquitos – A jungle city accessible only by boat or plane, serving as a gateway to the Amazon.
• Puerto Maldonado – A starting point for eco-lodges and national parks in the southern Amazon.
• Manu National Park – A vast protected rainforest with exceptional wildlife.
• Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve – A flooded forest reserve home to pink dolphins and giant otters.

Southern Highlands and Altiplano

This region borders Bolivia and features some of Peru’s most stunning landscapes, including deep canyons and high-altitude plateaus.

• Colca Canyon – One of the world’s deepest canyons, famous for Andean condors.
• Puno – The main city on Lake Titicaca, with access to floating islands.
• Juliaca – A high-altitude commercial city near Puno.

Northern Peru

Northern Peru is less visited than the south but offers unique archaeological sites, beautiful beaches, and lush mountain landscapes.

• Chiclayo – A city near the Túcume Pyramids and the Lord of Sipán tomb.
• Cajamarca – A colonial city known for Baños del Inca hot springs.
• Chachapoyas – A highland town near Kuelap, an ancient fortress predating the Incas.
• Tarapoto – A jungle city known for waterfalls and access to the northern Amazon.

Start in Lima, the country’s capital and culinary powerhouse. While many travelers skip Lima, it’s worth spending time in the coastal districts of Miraflores and Barranco, home to colonial mansions, oceanfront cliffs, and some of the best restaurants in South America. Don’t miss a meal at a traditional cevichería, and visit the Plaza de Armas and Larco Museum to get a sense of Peru’s deep history.

For most visitors, the real adventure begins in the Sacred Valley. The colonial town of Cusco, once the capital of the Inca Empire, is the gateway to Machu Picchu, but it’s worth exploring on its own. Wander through ancient Incan streets, visit the Sacsayhuamán ruins, and adjust to the altitude before heading to the famous Inca Trail or taking the train to Aguas Calientes, the final stop before the ruins.

Beyond Machu Picchu, Peru is full of archaeological wonders. Choquequirao, known as the “sister city” of Machu Picchu, is a remote, rarely visited Incan site that requires a multi-day trek. In the north, Kuelap, an ancient fortress built by the Chachapoya culture, is often called the “Machu Picchu of the North.”

For breathtaking landscapes, Lake Titicaca, the world’s highest navigable lake, offers visits to Uros Floating Islands and Taquile Island, where Indigenous communities maintain centuries-old traditions. The Colca Canyon, one of the deepest canyons in the world, is the best place to see Andean condors soaring over dramatic cliffs.

The Peruvian Amazon is one of the most biodiverse places on Earth. The best access points are Iquitos, where you can take a river cruise deep into the jungle, or Puerto Maldonado, which offers eco-lodges and wildlife-rich reserves like Tambopata National Reserve.

For desert landscapes, Huacachina, a surreal oasis surrounded by towering sand dunes, is perfect for sandboarding and dune buggy rides. Nearby, the Nazca Lines—massive geoglyphs etched into the desert—remain one of the world’s greatest mysteries. Along the coast, Paracas National Reserve offers stunning red beaches and a chance to see sea lions and penguins on the Ballestas Islands.

Highlights

• Machu Picchu – The most famous Incan site, perched high in the Andes.
• Sacred Valley – A breathtaking region of Incan ruins, markets, and stunning landscapes.
• Lake Titicaca – The world’s highest navigable lake, home to floating islands and Indigenous culture.
• Colca Canyon – A dramatic canyon deeper than the Grand Canyon, home to soaring condors.
• Nazca Lines – Enigmatic ancient geoglyphs best seen from the air.

Top Cities

• Lima – The coastal capital, known for its world-class food scene and colonial history.
• Cusco – The historic heart of the Incan Empire and the gateway to Machu Picchu.
• Arequipa – A beautiful colonial city made of white volcanic stone, with access to Colca Canyon.
• Iquitos – The largest city in the Amazon without road access, perfect for jungle adventures.
• Trujillo – A northern city known for pre-Incan ruins and elegant colonial architecture.

Islands & Beaches

• Uros Floating Islands – Artificial islands made of reeds, home to Indigenous Uros communities.
• Taquile Island – A peaceful island on Lake Titicaca where locals maintain ancient weaving traditions.
• Ballestas Islands – Sometimes called “Peru’s Galápagos,” full of sea lions, penguins, and seabirds.
• Máncora – Peru’s top surf and beach town, known for warm waters and nightlife.
• Huanchaco – A laid-back surf town famous for its traditional reed fishing boats.

National Parks & Reserves

• Tambopata National Reserve – A pristine Amazon rainforest area teeming with wildlife.
• Manu National Park – One of the most biodiverse places on Earth, home to jaguars, monkeys, and rare birds.
• Huascarán National Park – A stunning high-altitude park with glaciers, turquoise lakes, and the highest mountain in Peru.
• Paracas National Reserve – A coastal desert park with dramatic cliffs and rich marine life.
• Rio Abiseo National Park – A remote jungle park with pre-Incan ruins and rare wildlife.

World Heritage

• Machu Picchu – One of the world’s most famous archaeological sites.
• City of Cusco – A well-preserved blend of Incan and Spanish colonial architecture.
• Sacred City of Caral-Supe – The ruins of the oldest known civilization in the Americas.
• Nazca Lines – Gigantic geoglyphs carved into the desert thousands of years ago.
• Arequipa’s Historic Center – A beautiful colonial city built from white volcanic stone.

You can find a total of 32 types of climate on Earth and Peru has 28 of them. Peru’s climate varies by region—coastal areas are dry, the Andes have distinct wet and dry seasons, and the Amazon is hot and humid year-round. The best time to visit depends on your destination. The dry season (June–August) is ideal for trekking in the Andes, while the wet season (December–March) is better for exploring the coast.

High Season: June–August
Shoulder Season: April–May, September–November
Low Season: December–March

High Season: From June to August, Peru sees its best weather for outdoor activities, especially in the Andes. Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley have clear skies, making it the peak season for trekking. Cusco is packed with tourists, and accommodations book out fast. The coast remains cool and cloudy, but this is prime time for surfing in the north. The Amazon is still wet, but wildlife spotting is excellent as animals gather near rivers.

Shoulder Season: April–May and September–November offer pleasant weather with fewer tourists. The Andes are still dry, and trekking trails are less crowded. Machu Picchu and Cusco are more relaxed, and prices drop slightly. In the Amazon, rain decreases, improving wildlife sightings. The coastal region, including Lima, begins to warm up in November, making it a good time to visit the beaches.

Low Season: From December to March, the wet season dominates the Andes and the Amazon. Heavy rains can disrupt hiking trails, and the Inca Trail often closes in February for maintenance. However, Machu Picchu remains open, and the landscapes are lush and green. The coast experiences its warmest months, making this the best time for beachgoers in places like Máncora and Paracas. Prices drop in the mountains, but expect occasional travel disruptions due to rain.

Peru Month by Month

January: Hot on the coast, wet in the Andes and Amazon. 75-85°F (24-29°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. Machu Picchu sees heavy rain.

February: Hot, very wet in the mountains. 75-85°F (24-29°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. The Inca Trail closes for maintenance.

March: Hot, rainy season ends. 75-85°F (24-29°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. The Amazon is lush, but trails are muddy.

April: Warm, drier, shoulder season. 70-80°F (21-27°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. Good for Machu Picchu before peak crowds.

May: Mild, dry season begins. 65-75°F (18-24°C) in Lima, 35-65°F (2-18°C) in Cusco. One of the best months for trekking.

June: Cool, dry, peak tourist season. 60-70°F (16-21°C) in Lima, 30-65°F (-1-18°C) in Cusco. Inti Raymi festival in Cusco.

July: Cold nights in the Andes, dry. 60-70°F (16-21°C) in Lima, 30-65°F (-1-18°C) in Cusco. Ideal conditions for trekking.

August: Cool, dry, peak season continues. 60-70°F (16-21°C) in Lima, 30-65°F (-1-18°C) in Cusco. Machu Picchu is crowded.

September: Warming up, dry. 65-75°F (18-24°C) in Lima, 35-65°F (2-18°C) in Cusco. A great time for fewer crowds.

October: Warmer, dry season ending. 65-80°F (18-27°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. Good time for the Amazon before heavy rains return.

November: Hot, rainy season begins. 70-85°F (21-29°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. Travel is still manageable.

December: Hot, humid, wet in the Andes. 75-85°F (24-29°C) in Lima, 40-65°F (4-18°C) in Cusco. Christmas and New Year’s bring celebrations.

Festivals & Events

Fiesta de la Candelaria: (February) – A massive cultural festival in Puno, with traditional music and dance.

Semana Santa (Holy Week): (March/April, varies) – Major religious processions, especially in Cusco and Ayacucho.

Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun): (June 24) – The biggest Inca festival, celebrated with reenactments in Cusco.

Día de la Independencia (Peruvian Independence Day): (July 28-29) – National holiday with parades, concerts, and fireworks.

Mistura Food Festival: (September, varies) – A major food festival in Lima celebrating Peruvian cuisine.

All Saints’ Day & Day of the Dead: (November 1-2) – Families honor the dead with offerings and celebrations.

Christmas & New Year’s Eve: (December) – Fireworks and festivities, with big celebrations in Cusco and Lima.

Peru is one of South America’s most iconic destinations, home to ancient ruins, breathtaking mountains, dense Amazonian rainforest, and a rich blend of cultures. It’s a country where you can hike to the lost city of Machu Picchu, explore vast sand dunes in the coastal desert, and journey deep into the jungle in the same trip.

The Andes Mountains divide the nation, creating a stark contrast between the dry coastal deserts and the lush Amazon basin. Alongside the world-famous Inca sites, Peru offers fascinating colonial cities, indigenous traditions, and a rapidly growing food scene that has put it on the map as one of the world’s best culinary destinations.

For travelers, Peru is a land of extremes. It has some of the world’s highest peaks, deepest canyons, and longest rivers.

• Scuba Diving: Good diving off the northern coast, particularly in Mancora and the Paracas National Reserve.
• Motorcycle Touring: The winding roads of the Andes, the vast desert highways, and the challenging Amazon routes make Peru a dream for motorcycle riders.
• Nightlife & Partying: Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa have thriving nightlife scenes, ranging from rooftop bars to underground clubs.
• Rock Climbing: Excellent climbing in the Cordillera Blanca, one of the world’s best mountaineering destinations.
• Bicycle Touring: The long stretches of Andean roads and desert landscapes offer incredible bikepacking routes.
• Golfing: A few good courses around Lima, but not a major draw compared to Peru’s other attractions.
• Shopping: From colorful indigenous markets to high-end boutiques, Peru is a top destination for textiles, silver, and handicrafts.
• Trekking: Some of the best trekking in the world, with the Inca Trail, Colca Canyon, and the Cordillera Huayhuash among the highlights.
• Mountain Biking: Thrilling downhill rides in the Sacred Valley and Cusco, plus rugged Andean trails.
• White Water Rafting: Great rafting on the Apurímac and Urubamba Rivers, with Class III-V rapids.
• Wind Surfing: Strong winds and excellent conditions in Paracas and northern beaches like Mancora.

Cultural Experiences

Peru is steeped in history, with thousands of archaeological sites, colonial cities, and living indigenous cultures that keep traditions alive.

• Exploring the Lost City of Machu Picchu: The most famous archaeological site in South America, accessible by train or the legendary Inca Trail.
• Visiting Cusco, the Former Inca Capital: A stunning mix of Incan ruins, colonial churches, and vibrant markets.
• Discovering the Nazca Lines from the Air: Mysterious geoglyphs carved into the desert, best seen from a small plane.
• Learning About Indigenous Culture on Lake Titicaca: Home to the floating Uros islands and the Quechua-speaking communities of Taquile and Amantani.
• Exploring the Historic Center of Lima: A UNESCO-listed colonial district with grand plazas, cathedrals, and palaces.

Natural Experiences

Peru’s landscapes range from vast deserts to towering Andean peaks and dense Amazonian rainforest, making it one of the most diverse travel destinations in the world.

• Hiking in the Cordillera Blanca: One of the best trekking destinations in the world, with high-altitude lakes and snow-capped peaks.
• Exploring the Amazon in Iquitos: A jungle adventure in the heart of the Peruvian Amazon, only accessible by boat or plane.
• Visiting Colca Canyon: One of the deepest canyons in the world, home to giant Andean condors.
• Sandboarding in the Desert Oasis of Huacachina: A surreal oasis surrounded by massive dunes, perfect for adventure sports.
• Boating Through the Pacaya-Samiria Reserve: A flooded Amazon rainforest filled with pink river dolphins, piranhas, and exotic birds.

Urban Experiences

Peru’s cities blend history, modern culture, and world-renowned cuisine, making them perfect for urban exploration.

• Dining at a World-Class Restaurant in Lima: Peru’s capital is a global culinary hotspot, home to some of the best restaurants on the planet.
• Exploring Arequipa’s White-Stone Architecture: The “White City” is known for its stunning colonial buildings and relaxed vibe.
• Shopping in Pisac Market: One of the best places in the Sacred Valley to buy alpaca textiles, pottery, and silver jewelry.
• Checking Out the Catacombs of San Francisco in Lima: An eerie underground cemetery beneath one of the city’s oldest churches.
• Walking Along Miraflores’ Cliffside Malecón: A scenic promenade with stunning Pacific Ocean views.

Unique Experiences

Peru’s remote locations and ancient history offer one-of-a-kind experiences that few places in the world can match.

• Trekking the Choquequirao Ruins: A hidden Incan city that rivals Machu Picchu but sees only a fraction of the tourists.
• Taking a Multi-Day Amazon River Cruise: Travel deep into the jungle on a luxury or budget-friendly boat, spotting wildlife along the way.
• Exploring the Floating Uros Islands on Lake Titicaca: Artificial islands made entirely of reeds, where indigenous people have lived for centuries.
• Climbing Rainbow Mountain: A stunning multi-colored peak that has become one of Peru’s most popular day hikes.
• Camping at the Base of Alpamayo, the World’s Most Beautiful Mountain: A remote and rewarding high-altitude trek.

Weird and Wonderful

Peru has its fair share of strange and fascinating sights, from shamanic rituals to gravity-defying landscapes.

• Seeing the Sarcophagi of Karajia: Ancient cliffside burial tombs shaped like giant humanoid figures.
• Exploring the Witches’ Market in Chiclayo: A market filled with potions, dried animal parts, and shamanic supplies.
• Floating in the Mysterious Laguna 69: A strikingly blue high-altitude lake in the Cordillera Blanca.
• Visiting the Stone Forest of Pampachiri: Unusual pointed rock formations that look like something from another planet.
• Finding the Lost Pyramids of Túcume: A little-known archaeological site with over 26 massive adobe pyramids.

Lima is the main port of arrival and domestic air services are limited and costly. Bus services are extensive and cheap, but often crowded and can be slow due to the poor road quality. There are three railway lines, with the most popular one being from Cuzco to Machu Picchu. Inter-city travel is mainly by bus or taxi, even in Lima.

Peru is well-connected by air, land, and sea, with international flights, long-distance bus routes, and multiple land border crossings with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile. There are no international passenger trains, but river routes connect Peru with Brazil and Colombia via the Amazon.

For most travelers, flying into Lima is the easiest option. Overland travel is common from Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile, while crossings from Brazil and Colombia require river transport.

Entry Requirements for Peru

Peru’s entry requirements vary based on nationality and the purpose of the visit. Below is an overview tailored to citizens of the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand.

Citizens of the United States: U.S. citizens can travel to Peru without a visa for tourism or short visits. A valid passport with at least six months’ validity at the time of entry is required. Upon arrival, travelers are typically granted permission to stay for up to 90 days within a 180-day period. Proof of onward or return travel may be requested by immigration authorities. oai_citation_attribution:0‡travel.state.gov

Citizens of Canada: Canadian citizens do not require a visa for stays up to 90 days within a 180-day period in Peru. A valid passport with at least six months’ validity is necessary. Travelers should be prepared to present evidence of return or onward travel if requested. oai_citation_attribution:1‡travel.state.gov

Citizens of the United Kingdom: UK citizens can enter Peru without a visa for tourism or short visits. Upon arrival, permission to stay is typically granted for up to 90 days within a 180-day period. A valid passport is required, and it’s advisable to ensure it has at least six months’ validity remaining. Proof of onward or return travel may be requested upon entry. oai_citation_attribution:2‡gov.uk

Citizens of Australia and New Zealand: Australian and New Zealand citizens are permitted to enter Peru visa-free for stays up to 90 days within a 180-day period. A valid passport with at least six months’ validity beyond the intended departure date is necessary. Travelers should be ready to provide evidence of onward or return travel plans if asked. oai_citation_attribution:3‡travel.state.gov

Health and Vaccination Requirements: There are no mandatory vaccinations required for entry into Peru. However, travelers arriving from countries with a risk of yellow fever transmission are advised to carry a valid Yellow Fever vaccination certificate. It’s also recommended to be up-to-date with routine vaccinations and consult with a healthcare provider for any additional immunizations recommended for travel to Peru. oai_citation_attribution:4‡travel.state.gov

Customs Regulations: Travelers must declare currency in amounts exceeding $10,000 USD upon entry and exit. The maximum amount of currency allowed without declaration is $30,000 USD. Failure to declare amounts over $10,000 can result in fines or other penalties. oai_citation_attribution:5‡travel.state.gov

Additional Tips: It’s recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical expenses and unforeseen circumstances during your stay in Peru. Entry requirements can change, so it’s important to check the latest information from official sources, such as the Peruvian embassy or consulate in your country, before traveling.

By Air

Peru has several international airports, with Lima (LIM) as the main hub. Other cities offer direct flights to neighboring countries.

• Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM) – Lima (Largest airport, main international gateway)
• Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ) – Cusco (Flights to Bolivia and Chile)
• Rodríguez Ballón International Airport (AQP) – Arequipa (Regional flights)
• Capitán FAP Carlos Martínez de Pinillos International Airport (TRU) – Trujillo (Limited international service)
• Coronel FAP Francisco Secada Vignetta International Airport (IQT) – Iquitos (Flights to Colombia and domestic Amazon destinations)

Direct flights operate from North America, Europe, and all major South American capitals.

• Miami (MIA) → Lima (LIM) (LATAM, American Airlines, Avianca)
• Madrid (MAD) → Lima (LIM) (Iberia, Air Europa, LATAM)
• Santiago (SCL) → Lima (LIM) (LATAM, Sky Airline, Jetsmart)
• Buenos Aires (EZE) → Lima (LIM) (LATAM, Aerolineas Argentinas)
• São Paulo (GRU) → Lima (LIM) (LATAM, Gol)
• Bogotá (BOG) → Lima (LIM) (Avianca, LATAM)

By Train

There are no international train connections to Peru.

By Bus

Peru has long-distance bus services to Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. International buses are comfortable but slow, with some journeys lasting over 24 hours.

• Ecuador → Peru (Buses from Guayaquil and Cuenca to Piura, Trujillo, and Lima)
• Bolivia → Peru (Routes from La Paz and Copacabana to Puno and Cusco)
• Chile → Peru (Buses from Arica to Tacna and Lima)
• Argentina → Peru (Less frequent, mostly via Bolivia)

By Car

Driving into Peru is possible from Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile, though road conditions vary. The Brazil-Peru route requires Amazon crossings, while Chile and Bolivia have well-used highways.

The most common border crossings are Huaquillas (Ecuador), Desaguadero (Bolivia), and Arica-Tacna (Chile). The Brazil-Peru crossing at Iñapari is remote and involves travel through the Amazon.

To & From Ecuador

Peru shares two main crossings with Ecuador, with Huaquillas being the busiest.

• Huaquillas – Aguas Verdes (Main highway route to Piura and Lima)
• Macará – La Tina (Less traveled, connects to Loja)

To & From Bolivia

The Bolivia-Peru border has several crossings, with Desaguadero being the most commonly used.

• Desaguadero (Main crossing between La Paz and Puno)
• Kasani (For travel to Copacabana and Lake Titicaca)

To & From Chile

The Peru-Chile border is easy to cross, with frequent bus connections between Arica and Tacna.

• Arica – Tacna (Main crossing, taxis and buses available)
• Chacalluta – Santa Rosa (Official checkpoint)

To & From Brazil

The Brazil-Peru border is deep in the Amazon, making it difficult to cross by land. The Assis Brasil – Iñapari crossing is the only road link, but most travel is done by river.

• Assis Brasil – Iñapari (Amazon highway route)

To & From Colombia

There is no road connecting Peru and Colombia, and the border is only accessible via the Amazon River.

• Leticia (Colombia) – Iquitos (Peru) (Amazon boat route, takes 1-2 days)

Peru’s diverse geography—from coastal deserts to the Andes and the Amazon — makes travel challenging but rewarding. Buses and domestic flights are the main ways to cover long distances, while cities have taxis, ride-share apps, and public transport. Trains are limited but useful for specific routes, and boats are essential in the Amazon.

Train

Peru has a limited but scenic rail network, mainly for tourists.

• Lima to Huancayo: The world’s second-highest railway, a spectacular but rare journey.
• Cusco to Machu Picchu (Aguas Calientes): The most popular train route, operated by PeruRail and Inca Rail.
• Cusco to Puno (Lake Titicaca): A luxury, high-altitude rail journey with stunning views.
• Arequipa to Cusco: A long but breathtaking route, mainly for high-end travelers.

For everyday travel, buses are more practical.

Bus

Buses are the most common and budget-friendly way to travel. Long-distance buses range from basic to luxury, with semi-cama (reclining seats) and cama (fully reclining seats).
Major companies include Cruz del Sur, Oltursa, Civa, and Movil Tours.

• Lima to Cusco: A long 20-hour journey—flying is a better option.
• Lima to Arequipa: A scenic 16-hour ride, with luxury bus options.
• Cusco to Puno (Lake Titicaca): An 8-hour ride through the highlands.

City buses exist, but they can be crowded and confusing. Minibuses (combis or colectivos) operate informal routes but can be chaotic.

Car Rental

Renting a car is not recommended in Lima or major cities due to aggressive drivers, poor signage, and chaotic traffic. It’s better suited for exploring the Sacred Valley, the coastal desert, or the Colca Canyon.

• A 4x4 is needed for mountain and jungle routes.
• Night driving is dangerous due to poor lighting and reckless drivers.
• Peruvian drivers rarely follow traffic laws—drive cautiously.

Ride Share

Uber, DiDi, and Cabify operate in major cities like Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa. They’re cheaper and safer than street taxis.

Ferries & Riverboats

Boats are essential in the Amazon region.

• Iquitos to various Amazon villages: Ferries and speedboats run between Iquitos, Nauta, and jungle lodges.
• Pucallpa to Iquitos: A long but adventurous cargo boat journey.

Lake Titicaca has boat tours to Uros, Amantaní, and Taquile Islands.

Air

Due to Peru’s vast distances and rough terrain, domestic flights are often the best choice. Major airlines include LATAM, Sky Airline, and Star Peru.

• Lima to Cusco: A quick 1.5-hour flight vs. a 20-hour bus ride.
• Lima to Iquitos (Amazon): The only way to reach Iquitos, as no roads connect it to the rest of Peru.
• Lima to Arequipa: A 1.5-hour flight saves time on a long bus journey.

Taxis

Taxis are common but aren’t metered, so always negotiate the fare before starting. In cities, it’s safer to use radio taxis or ride-share apps.

• Avoid taxis at bus stations and airports—they often overcharge tourists.
• In Lima, use official taxi stands or apps for safety.

Peru offers a wide range of accommodations, from budget hostels and family-run guesthouses to luxury hotels and high-end lodges in the Amazon and Sacred Valley. In major cities like Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa, you’ll find everything from backpacker hostels to boutique hotels and five-star resorts. In rural areas and along popular trekking routes, simple hospedajes (guesthouses) and mountain lodges provide comfortable but basic stays.

Budget travelers are well-catered to, with dorm beds often available for under $10 per night. Airbnb is widespread and often provides better value than hotels, especially in Lima and Cusco. Luxury travelers can enjoy some of the finest hotels in South America, particularly in Cusco, the Sacred Valley, and along the Amazon.

Prices fluctuate with the seasons. High season (June–August) sees higher rates in Cusco, Machu Picchu, and trekking destinations like Huaraz. Coastal resorts are busiest from December to March. If you’re planning a trek to Machu Picchu or staying at an Amazon lodge, booking in advance is essential.

Budget Travelers: Hostels and budget guesthouses start at around PEN 40–100 ($10–$25) per night. In Lima and Cusco, dorm beds in well-rated hostels cost PEN 30–80 ($8–$20), while private rooms in budget hotels range from PEN 80–150 ($20–$40). Rural areas have cheaper options, though facilities may be basic.

Mid-Range: A comfortable three-star hotel or boutique guesthouse costs between PEN 150–400 ($40–$100) per night. In Lima’s Miraflores district or Cusco’s San Blas neighborhood, boutique hotels in this range offer good amenities. The Sacred Valley and Arequipa also have stylish mid-range stays.

Upscale: Luxury hotels in Peru start at PEN 600 ($150) per night, with top-tier stays exceeding PEN 2,000 ($500). The best options include historic hotels in Cusco, high-end resorts in the Sacred Valley, and Amazon lodges offering all-inclusive jungle experiences.

Hotels

Hotels in Peru range from budget-friendly hospedajes to high-end luxury stays. Lima has a mix of business hotels, beachfront properties in Miraflores, and boutique stays in Barranco. Cusco has some of the most unique hotels, many set in restored colonial buildings. The Sacred Valley offers luxury resorts with Andean views, while Arequipa and Trujillo have well-preserved historic hotels.

Hostels

Peru has a thriving hostel scene, especially in Lima, Cusco, and backpacker hubs like Arequipa and Huaraz. Dorm beds range from PEN 30–80 ($8–$20) per night. Many hostels in Cusco cater to trekkers, offering luggage storage and tour booking services. Some hostels also have a party atmosphere, particularly in Lima’s Miraflores district.

Backpacker

Backpacking in Peru is easy and affordable, with budget guesthouses and hostels available for PEN 40–150 ($10–$40) per night. Popular backpacker destinations include Cusco, Huaraz, Mancora, and Iquitos. Many hostels offer cheap tours to Machu Picchu, Rainbow Mountain, and Colca Canyon, making it an easy country to explore on a budget.

Flashpacker

Flashpackers will find plenty of stylish boutique hotels and well-equipped Airbnbs in Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa. Prices range from PEN 200–600 ($50–$150) per night for comfortable stays with modern amenities. Boutique hotels in Cusco’s San Blas neighborhood and the Sacred Valley cater well to flashpackers looking for charm and affordability.

Homestays

Homestays are common in rural areas, particularly on Lake Titicaca’s islands, where families offer overnight stays for PEN 100–300 ($25–$75), often including meals. Some homestays are arranged through Airbnb, while others are booked via tour operators. Staying with a local family provides a cultural immersion experience, though Spanish or basic Quechua can be helpful.

Camping

Camping is popular in Peru, especially in trekking regions like Huaraz and the Sacred Valley. Many guided treks, such as the Inca Trail, include camping as part of the package. Some national parks and eco-lodges allow independent camping for PEN 20–50 ($5–$15) per night. Wild camping is possible but should be done with caution.

Unique Stays

Peru has a variety of unique accommodations. Cusco and Arequipa offer historic hotels in colonial mansions, while the Sacred Valley has luxury lodges with Andean views. In the Amazon, jungle lodges provide immersive nature experiences, with prices ranging from budget-friendly eco-lodges ($50–$150) to luxury all-inclusive stays ($300–$1,000+). Lake Titicaca has floating island homestays, and the famous Skylodge Adventure Suites offer glass pods hanging off a cliff for the ultimate adrenaline-fueled stay.

Crime is widespread and often targeted at tourists. Avoid groups of young males and be as inconspicuous as possible. Police officers may fish for bribes. Beware of altitude sickness and only drink bottled water and eat well-cooked meat and fish. As Peru is near the Equator, the sun is particularly strong and may leave you looking more like a lobster than ceviche!

Peru is a rewarding destination, but travelers should stay alert to petty crime, road safety, and health risks. Pickpocketing, bag snatching, and phone theft are common in Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa, especially in crowded markets, bus stations, and public transportation. Express kidnappings—where victims are forced to withdraw money from ATMs—have been reported, though they mainly target locals. Tourists should avoid displaying valuables, use ATMs inside banks, and be cautious at night.

Road conditions vary widely, with well-maintained highways between major cities but poorly paved roads in rural areas. Traffic in Lima is chaotic, with aggressive driving and limited pedestrian rights. In the Andes, landslides and poor road maintenance make long-distance travel unpredictable. Public transport is available but can be unsafe, with frequent thefts on night buses. Health risks include altitude sickness in Cusco and Huaraz, as well as mosquito-borne diseases like dengue in the Amazon. Tap water is not safe to drink, and medical facilities outside Lima are limited, making travel insurance with evacuation coverage essential.

Natural hazards include earthquakes, landslides, and extreme weather in mountainous and jungle regions. Women travelers may experience unwanted attention, though harassment is usually verbal. By taking basic precautions and staying informed, travelers can safely explore Peru’s rich history, stunning landscapes, and diverse cultures.

Scams & Petty Crime

Petty theft is the biggest issue for travelers, particularly in Lima and Cusco. Pickpockets and bag snatchers operate in tourist areas, bus terminals, and crowded markets. Express kidnappings have occurred but rarely target tourists. Taxi scams, where drivers overcharge or take longer routes, are common—using ride-hailing apps or official taxis is recommended.

Political Unrest

Protests are frequent, especially in Lima and Cusco, and can disrupt transportation. Demonstrations may turn violent if security forces intervene, and road blockades can last for days in rural areas. Travelers should monitor local news and avoid large gatherings.

Diseases

Altitude sickness is a major concern in high-altitude destinations like Cusco and Puno. Travelers should acclimate gradually, stay hydrated, and avoid strenuous activity upon arrival. Mosquito-borne diseases like dengue and Zika are present in the Amazon and coastal regions. Tap water is unsafe, so bottled or filtered water is essential. Medical care is good in Lima but limited elsewhere, making travel insurance with emergency evacuation crucial.

Road Conditions

Driving in Peru can be dangerous due to reckless drivers, poor road maintenance, and landslides in mountainous areas. Highways are generally in good condition, but rural roads are often unpaved. Long-distance buses vary in quality, with some prone to theft and accidents—choosing reputable bus companies is advised.

Nature’s Fury

Peru is prone to earthquakes, landslides, and extreme weather in high-altitude and jungle regions. The Andes can experience sudden snowstorms, while heavy rains in the Amazon can cause flooding. Travelers should check weather conditions before heading into remote areas.

Sexual Harassment

Women travelers may receive catcalling and unwanted attention, particularly in cities and nightlife areas. While most harassment is verbal, it can be persistent. Dressing modestly outside of beach areas and ignoring advances can help reduce encounters. Solo female travelers generally find Peru safe but should stay cautious, especially at night.

Peru is one of South America’s best digital nomad destinations, offering low living costs, fast internet in major cities, and a rich cultural experience. The country’s affordable lifestyle, strong expat community, and breathtaking landscapes make it a great place to live and work remotely.

The biggest downsides? Bureaucratic hurdles, occasional power outages, and safety concerns in some areas. However, if you stick to nomad-friendly cities like Lima, Cusco, or Arequipa, you’ll find a comfortable and affordable base.

Coworking spaces are widely available in major cities. Selina Lima is a top choice for digital nomads, offering a mix of coworking, coliving, and networking events. Comunal Coworking has multiple locations in Lima, catering to remote workers and startups. In Cusco, La Oficina Coworking is a solid option for those working from the Andes.

Best Places to Live in Peru

• Lima: The capital and largest city, with the best internet, coworking spaces, and social life.
• Cusco: A historic city with Incan heritage, strong tourism infrastructure, and great trekking opportunities.
• Arequipa: A beautiful colonial city with mild weather, affordable rent, and a relaxed atmosphere.
• Máncora: A beach town known for surfing, warm weather, and a small but growing nomad scene.
• Trujillo: A smaller city with historic ruins, a lower cost of living, and fewer crowds.

Cost of Living

Peru is one of the cheapest digital nomad destinations in South America.

• Accommodation: $300–$1,200 per month. Lima’s Miraflores and Barranco neighborhoods are the most expensive.
• Food: $150–$400 per month. Local markets make groceries cheap, and eating out is affordable.
• Transportation: $30–$100 per month. Public buses and taxis are inexpensive, and Uber is widely available.
• Coworking Space: $80–$200 per month. Plenty of options in Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa.
• Leisure & Extras: $50–$300 per month. Includes outdoor activities, gyms, and weekend trips to Machu Picchu or the Amazon.

Internet and Connectivity

Peru has fast and reliable internet in major cities, with fiber-optic speeds reaching 100–500 Mbps in Lima. In smaller towns, speeds drop, and power outages can happen. Mobile data (Claro, Movistar, Entel) is widely available and affordable, making a backup SIM card a smart move.

Community and Networking

Peru has a growing digital nomad community, especially in Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa. Lima has the largest expat scene, with networking events and meetups happening regularly. Cusco attracts remote workers who love adventure and history, while Arequipa offers a quieter, more relaxed expat lifestyle.

Health & Wellness

Peru is a paradise for outdoor lovers, with hiking, surfing, and adventure sports readily available. Lima has modern gyms, yoga studios, and outdoor running trails, while Cusco and Arequipa are great for trekking and mountain activities.

Healthcare is affordable and decent, with private hospitals in Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa offering good services. Many expats choose international health insurance, but local private insurance is also an option.

Long-Term Stay

Finding rentals in Peru is easy and affordable, especially outside Lima’s most touristy neighborhoods. Many digital nomads start with Airbnb before negotiating long-term leases.

• Condos and Apartments: Modern and well-equipped, costing $500–$1,200 per month in Lima and much less elsewhere.
• Serviced Apartments: Fully furnished options range from $800–$2,000 per month.
• Traditional Apartments: Older but affordable, starting at $300 per month.
• Airbnb: Available in all major cities, but long-term rentals through local landlords are cheaper.

Visa Options

Peru doesn’t have a digital nomad visa, but remote workers can use tourist and temporary residence visas.

• Tourist Visa: Many nationalities get 90 days visa-free, extendable up to 183 days per year.
• Rentista Visa: A long-term residency option for those with a stable income of at least $1,000 per month.
• Work Visa: Required for those employed by a Peruvian company but unnecessary for remote workers.

Peruvian culture is a blend of indigenous, Spanish, African, and Asian influences. Traditional Quechua and Aymara customs remain strong in the highlands, while Afro-Peruvian music thrives on the coast. Weaving, silverwork, and ceramics are highly developed crafts, with colorful textiles and pottery reflecting Peru’s deep indigenous roots.

Catholicism is the dominant religion, though many indigenous communities blend Christian beliefs with traditional Andean spirituality. Festivals like Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun) and Semana Santa showcase this mix, with rituals that honor both Catholic saints and ancient Incan gods.

Food

Peru is one of the world’s top food destinations, known for its diverse flavors, fresh seafood, and fusion of indigenous, Spanish, African, and Asian influences. Coastal cuisine focuses on seafood, while the Andes offer hearty meat and potato-based dishes, and the Amazon is rich in tropical fruits and exotic ingredients.

Language

Spanish is the official language of Peru, but Quechua and Aymara are widely spoken in the Andean and Altiplano regions. Many rural communities still use indigenous languages as their primary means of communication. English is spoken in tourist areas but is not common elsewhere.

History

Peru’s history is dominated by the Inca Empire, Spanish conquest, and struggles for independence. It was home to some of South America’s oldest civilizations, including the Moche, Nazca, and Chavín cultures. After the Spanish arrived, Lima became a key center of Spanish rule in the Americas. Today, Peru balances its colonial past with its indigenous heritage, making it one of the continent’s most culturally diverse nations.

Embassies and Consulates

For visa applications, consular services, and official Peruvian government information, these embassies serve Peruvian nationals abroad and travelers seeking visas:

• Embassy of Peru in the U.S. – Washington, D.C.
• Embassy of Peru in Canada – Ottawa
• Embassy of Peru in the UK – London
• Embassy of Peru in Australia – Canberra
• Embassy of Peru in New Zealand – Wellington

Note: For countries without a local embassy or consulate, please contact the nearest Peruvian diplomatic mission.

Government Safety Advisories

These government sites provide official travel advisories, safety updates, and entry requirements for Peru:

• U.S. State Department - Peru Travel Advisory
• Canada Travel Advice - Peru
• UK Foreign Travel Advice - Peru
• Australia Smartraveller - Peru
• New Zealand SafeTravel - Peru

Blogs

These blogs provide insights into traveling, living, and working in Peru:

• Peru Travel Blog – Offers comprehensive information on destinations, culture, and travel tips.
• The Only Peru Guide – Provides detailed guides and personal experiences about living and traveling in Peru.

YouTube Channels & Videos

Explore Peru through these travel vlogs and documentaries:

• Visit Peru - Official YouTube Channel – Showcases attractions and events.
• Indigo Traveller - Peru – An investigative-style travel series covering Peru’s landscape and culture.

Instagram Feeds

These Instagram accounts highlight Peru’s landscapes, culture, and urban life:

• @peru – Official tourism account showcasing Peru’s beauty.
• @visitperu – Features stunning photos of Peru’s natural and urban scenes.

Newspapers

Stay updated with Peru’s latest news through these newspapers:

• El Comercio – Leading newspaper covering local news.
• La República – Provides news on politics, business, and culture.

Other Useful Websites

• Government of Peru – Official portal for government services and information.
• Peru Travel – Offers information on attractions, accommodations, and travel tips.