The cradle of Western civilization is an amazingly diverse conglomeration of unique identities, attitudes and agendas. The countries within Europe’s borders each offer a different experience, and it can take a lifetime to fully appreciate them all.
What is it?: A continent rich in history, culture, and diverse landscapes, from the Mediterranean beaches to the Alps and iconic cities like Paris and Rome.
Affordability: Varies - Western Europe is pricier, while Eastern and Southern Europe are more budget-friendly.
Safety: Generally safe - Low crime rates, though caution is advised in crowded tourist areas for pickpocketing.
Popularity: Extremely popular - Europe is a major global destination for art, history, architecture, and cuisine.
Tourist Infrastructure: Well-developed - Excellent transport, accommodation, and services in major cities and tourist hubs.
Weather: Temperate - Mild winters and warm summers, though it varies by region, with Mediterranean areas being hotter.
Best Time to Go: April to October - Ideal for sightseeing, festivals, and outdoor activities.
Known For: Art, history, landmarks, cuisine, wine regions, castles, beaches, architecture, museums, and vibrant cities.
Top Destinations: Paris • Rome • London • Barcelona • Amsterdam • Vienna • Berlin • Venice • Zurich • Athens • Prague • Sicily • Dubrovnik • Madrid • Copenhagen
- Eastern Europe: Discover the rich history, stunning architecture, and diverse cultures of countries like Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania.
- Mediterranean Europe: Experience the beautiful coastlines, ancient ruins, and vibrant cultures of countries like Italy, Greece, Spain, and Croatia.
- Northern Europe: Explore the scenic landscapes, modern cities, and unique traditions of countries like Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland.
- Western Europe: Enjoy the historic landmarks, cultural attractions, and dynamic cities of countries like France, Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
Europe is a continent of layered histories, diverse cultures, and varied landscapes. Western Europe blends medieval cities, modern capitals, and world-class art from Paris to London. Southern Europe offers Mediterranean coastlines, ancient ruins, and warm village life in Italy, Spain, Greece, and Portugal. Eastern Europe mixes grand squares, old castles, and resilient spirit across countries like Poland, Romania, and Ukraine. Northern Europe’s Scandinavia brings clean design, fjords, forests, and long summer nights. Tiny microstates like San Marino and Monaco add their own flavors.
Europe is a continent packed with more diversity in culture, landscapes, and history than almost anywhere else. You can walk through ancient ruins in Greece, wander medieval streets in Czech Republic, hike glaciers in Norway, or sip espresso on a sun-drenched piazza in Italy - all in a few weeks.
Western Europe offers art, fashion, and high-speed trains between iconic cities like Paris, Berlin, and Amsterdam. Eastern Europe pulls travelers with its mix of old-world charm, complex history, and affordability in countries like Romania, Poland, and Georgia. Scandinavia is for those chasing sleek design, deep fjords, and endless summer light, while the Mediterranean brings beaches, food, and relaxed living from Spain to Croatia.
The most daunting challenge facing travelers to Europe is choosing the first destination. Don’t make the mistake of doing a whirlwind two-week tour of 10 countries. You won’t see a thing. Consider your interests, the season and your budget and focus on one particular region.
The blond hair and blue eyes of chilly Scandinavia provide the Nordic flavor of Europe. Cities like Oslo, Norway and Copenhagen, Denmark are among the most progressive - and most expensive - on earth. At the southern fringes of Europe lie the swarthy Mediterranean countries of Spain, Portugal, Italy, Turkey and Greece, whose islands are legendary for their myths and ancient heritage.
For a touch of the exotic, dive into the bazaars and mosques of Istanbul. Eastern Europe is still rough around the edges, but classic cities like Budapest and Prague are real charmers at a fraction of the cost of Western Europe. If it’s attitude you want, try your charms on the French. Paris is always worth a look, and the wine country is as romantic as you’d imagine.
Italy is overrun by self-declared suave men who know you want them, so ladies beware. But it’s also home to ancient Rome, the watery magic of Venice and the fashion chic of Milan. In between all these nations lie the Alps. The skiing and hiking in Switzerland and Austria is world-famous, but you’ll pay dearly.
Germany has plenty of highlights as well. Fairytale castles at Heidelberg, the Rhine River Valley, Black Forest and beer-guzzling city of Munich are all southern attractions. Berlin is considered the hottest party spot in the world right now, proving that Germans are loosening up. Perhaps the open policies of Amsterdam are starting to have an influence.
Traveling in Europe can range from budget-friendly to luxury, depending where you go. Western Europe is more expensive, think France, Switzerland, and Denmark, while much of Eastern Europe remains affordable. There are backpacker hostels, mid-range hotels, and luxury resorts everywhere, and an explosion of Airbnb and boutique guesthouses in smaller cities. Food varies massively: from French pastries and Spanish tapas to Georgian khachapuri and Turkish kebabs. Western food is everywhere, but local cuisine is worth chasing.
Getting around Europe is easy. Trains, buses, budget flights, and even rideshares connect cities and countries quickly and cheaply. Car rentals are great for rural areas like Scotland’s Highlands or Spain’s Andalusia. Most Europeans speak English as a second language, especially younger generations, but you’ll hear German, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Polish, and many more depending where you go. Europe is safe, though petty theft in tourist zones can be an issue, keep an eye on your bags in crowded areas.
Families: Europe is one of the best regions for family travel. Safe cities, theme parks, castles, beaches, and cultural attractions are everywhere. Paris, Rome, Barcelona, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are particularly family-friendly, with excellent public transport and lots of activities for kids.
Couples: Europe is romance incarnate , whether it’s sunsets in Santorini, gondola rides in Venice, countryside retreats in Tuscany, or cozy cafes in Paris. Scenic villages, wine regions, and historic cities across the continent create endless options for couples.
Backpackers: Europe is classic backpacker territory. From hostel networks across Western Europe to affordable gems in Eastern Europe, it’s easy to hop between countries by bus, train, or budget airline. Routes like the Interrail/Eurail networks and Balkan circuits are hugely popular.
Digital Nomads: Europe is increasingly attractive to digital nomads. Cities like Lisbon, Tbilisi, Tallinn, and Barcelona offer good Wi-Fi, coworking spaces, and visa pathways. Western Europe is more expensive, but Eastern and Southern Europe provide affordable bases with rich culture.
Luxury Travelers: Europe excels at refined, high-end travel. Luxury hotels in Paris, villas in Provence, yachts in the Mediterranean, and private castles in Scotland offer unforgettable experiences. Europe offers both heritage charm and modern opulence for discerning travelers.
Foodies: Europe’s food scenes are legendary , French patisseries, Spanish tapas, Italian trattorias, Greek tavernas, and Turkish markets. Culinary traditions run deep across the continent, and food festivals, markets, and fine dining opportunities are everywhere.
Beach Bunnies: Europe’s beaches vary widely , the sunny Mediterranean coastlines of Spain, Italy, Greece, and Croatia offer some of the best. Northern beaches in Portugal and France are rugged and scenic. The season is shorter than tropical regions, but spectacular in summer.
Nature Buffs: Europe’s natural beauty includes the Alps, fjords, rivers, forests, and Mediterranean islands. Hike in Switzerland or Norway, kayak in Slovenia, or road trip the Highlands of Scotland. Nature is accessible and well-protected, though landscapes are smaller-scale than in Africa or South America.
History Buffs: Europe is a goldmine for history , Roman ruins, medieval castles, World War sites, ancient cities, and museums tell millennia of stories. Rome, Athens, Istanbul, Berlin, and countless smaller towns offer deep dives into world-shaping events and civilizations.
Culture Vultures: Europe’s cultural density is unmatched , museums, opera houses, festivals, street art, and living traditions thrive. From flamenco in Seville to classical concerts in Vienna to folk festivals in Transylvania, every country offers its own rich cultural identity.
Adventure Seekers: Europe has diverse adventures , skiing in the Alps, paragliding in Slovenia, surfing in Portugal, trekking in Norway, and cycling across the Netherlands. Adventure is more structured and often softer than in wilderness-heavy continents, but still abundant.
Solo Travelers: Europe is excellent for solo travel , safe, well-connected, and packed with social opportunities. Solo-friendly cities like Amsterdam, Berlin, Barcelona, and Prague offer hostels, walking tours, and vibrant nightlife. English is widely understood in most tourist areas.
Party Animals: Europe is one of the best continents for nightlife , from the clubs of Berlin and Ibiza to beach parties in Mykonos and pubs in Dublin. Every major city has its own scene, from techno temples to live music venues to world-famous festivals.
Wildlife Watchers: Europe has pockets of fascinating wildlife , brown bears in Romania, lynxes in Spain, reindeer in Norway, and whales off Iceland. Nature reserves protect biodiversity, but spotting large animals is less dramatic compared to Africa or the Americas.
LGBTQ+: Europe is broadly LGBTQ+ friendly, especially in Western and Northern countries. Amsterdam, Berlin, Madrid, Stockholm, and Lisbon have vibrant scenes and legal protections. Eastern Europe and parts of the Balkans are more conservative, but urban centers are often welcoming.
Why Go to Europe?
- Incredible History Everywhere: Walk through Roman ruins, medieval castles, World War II sites, and Ottoman palaces, often in the same trip.
- Diverse Cultures and Languages: Move from one country to another and find a completely different language, cuisine, architecture, and way of life.
- World-Class Cities: Explore iconic cities like London, Rome, Prague, and Barcelona, each with its own style and energy.
- Nature and Outdoor Adventures: Hike in the Alps, kayak in the Dalmatian Coast, road trip through Iceland, or bike through the Dutch countryside.
- Food and Wine Culture: Feast on croissants in Paris, seafood in Lisbon, pasta in Florence, wine in Bordeaux, or dumplings in Krakow.
- Festivals and Events: Experience Oktoberfest in Munich, La Tomatina in Buñol, Christmas markets in Vienna, or midsummer celebrations in Sweden.
- Art, Music, and Innovation: Visit world-class museums like the Louvre, attend operas in Vienna, or catch street art tours in Berlin.
Who Might Not Enjoy Europe
Europe is incredibly diverse, ranging from Mediterranean islands to Scandinavian cities to Eastern European villages. While it offers something for almost everyone, certain types of travelers may find parts of the European experience challenging:
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Travelers Seeking Low-Cost Everything: Western Europe (especially Switzerland, Norway, the UK, and parts of France and Germany) can be very expensive for accommodation, dining, transport, and activities. Budget travelers may find costs steep outside of Eastern and parts of Southern Europe.
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Tourists Expecting Total Warmth Year-Round: Northern and Eastern Europe can be cold, gray, and snowy for much of the year. Even in Mediterranean countries, winters can be chilly and rainy, disappointing sun-seekers.
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Those Uncomfortable with Crowds and Tourism Saturation: Major sights, like the Eiffel Tower, Venice’s canals, and the Colosseum, are heavily visited, especially in summer. Long lines, crowds, and over-tourism are common in popular destinations.
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Travelers Wanting Untouched Wilderness: While Europe has beautiful nature (like the Alps or the Scottish Highlands), it’s hard to find completely wild, untouched landscapes compared to continents like Africa or South America. Much of Europe is developed or managed.
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Visitors Disliking Bureaucratic Formalities: Crossing internal Schengen borders is easy, but visas for non-EU travelers can involve bureaucracy and delays, especially if visiting multiple countries outside Schengen agreements (e.g., the UK, Albania, Serbia).
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Strict Vegetarians or Vegans in Certain Regions: While cities like Berlin, London, and Stockholm cater well to plant-based diets, rural Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean regions heavily feature meat and dairy in traditional cuisine, making strict vegan dining harder.
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Tourists Wanting Very Low-Key, Uncommercialized Experiences: Even in lesser-known towns, tourism is often well-developed, with polished attractions, formal ticketing, and curated experiences. Finding truly “undiscovered” places can be difficult.
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Travelers Who Struggle with Language Barriers: While English is widely spoken in tourist areas of Western and Northern Europe, it’s much less common in rural parts of Eastern Europe and even some Mediterranean regions. Communication may require patience.
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Visitors Wanting Wide-Open Road Trip Adventures: Driving in Europe can be complicated by toll roads, high fuel prices, parking shortages, and strict road rules. It’s not as free-form as in larger, less densely populated regions like Australia or the U.S.
What’s Cool
Stunning variety of landscapes from the Alps to Mediterranean beaches, world-famous cities like Paris, Rome, and London, rich history and architectural wonders everywhere, vibrant arts, music, and food scenes, easy and affordable travel between countries, strong public transport systems (trains, metros, ferries), diverse cultures and languages packed close together, iconic festivals like Oktoberfest, La Tomatina, and Midsummer, beautiful small towns and rural escapes, legendary hiking and biking trails like the Camino de Santiago and Dolomites routes, welcoming locals in many regions, excellent museums and historical sites, delicious and varied cuisine from tapas to pierogi to smørrebrød, great mix of ancient and ultra-modern experiences.
What’s Not
Tourist crowds at major landmarks (especially in peak season), high costs in popular cities (food, hotels, transport), complex visa rules for non-Schengen travelers, pickpocketing and scams in tourist hotspots, language barriers in rural Eastern Europe, unpredictable weather in some areas, slow service in certain countries, expensive healthcare for uninsured travelers, occasional transportation strikes, strict rules on behavior in more traditional or conservative regions, variable WiFi quality in rural zones, bureaucratic rental car policies, over-tourism affecting sustainability in places like Venice, Dubrovnik, and Santorini.
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. It is often considered a peninsula of the larger Eurasian landmass. Europe is made up of around 50 countries, ranging from tiny microstates like San Marino to large nations like Russia and Germany. The cultural, historical, and geographic diversity within Europe is immense.
Europe’s geography varies widely across regions. The Alps cut across the heart of the continent, offering dramatic mountainscapes. The Danube River and Rhine River form vital transportation and cultural arteries. Northern Europe features forests, lakes, and rugged coastlines, while Southern Europe is dominated by Mediterranean beaches, dry hills, and mountain ranges like the Apennines and Pyrenees.
The climate includes Mediterranean in the south, oceanic in the west, continental in the east, and subarctic and polar in the north. Summers are typically warm across most of Europe, with wetter and cooler conditions toward the northwest. Winters range from mild in southern areas to severe in parts of eastern and northern Europe.
Tourism is fueled by cultural heritage, natural landscapes, culinary traditions, and urban experiences, with each region offering something unique.
Major gateways to Europe include London, Paris, Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Madrid, Rome, Istanbul, and Vienna, with countless international airports across the continent. High-speed trains like the Eurostar and TGV, as well as extensive bus and ferry networks, make traveling between countries relatively easy. Budget airlines and open borders (within the Schengen Area) facilitate cheap and frequent movement across much of Europe.
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is a region rich in history, cultures, and stunning landscapes. This area includes countries like Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Romania, each offering unique experiences. Major sights include the medieval charm of Prague’s Old Town, the historic castles of Budapest, and the beautifully preserved old city of Krakow. In Romania, the legendary Bran Castle, often associated with Dracula, and the Carpathian Mountains attract many visitors.
- Armenia: - A mountainous country rich in ancient monasteries, dramatic landscapes, and deep cultural traditions.
- Azerbaijan: - A crossroads of Europe and Asia known for the futuristic skyline of Baku and the ancient Silk Road sites.
- Belarus: - A lesser-visited country featuring grand Soviet architecture, medieval castles, and untouched nature reserves.
- Bulgaria: - A budget-friendly destination with Black Sea beaches, ski resorts, and ancient Thracian and Roman heritage.
- Czech Republic: - A Central European gem famous for fairy-tale towns like Prague, Gothic castles, and beer culture.
- Georgia: - A rugged, scenic country where ancient churches cling to mountain peaks and wine-making traditions run deep.
- Hungary: - Landlocked but lively, offering stunning architecture in Budapest, thermal baths, and rich folk traditions.
- Moldova: - One of Europe’s least-visited countries, known for vast vineyards, Soviet-era relics, and rural charm.
- Poland: - A resilient nation offering medieval old towns, poignant WWII history, and the cultural magnet of Kraków.
- Romania: - Home to the legends of Dracula, medieval castles, fortified churches, and the wild beauty of the Carpathians.
- Russia: - A vast land of extremes, with iconic cities like Moscow and Saint Petersburg offering imperial palaces and grand cathedrals.
- Slovakia: - A compact country packed with medieval towns, the Tatra Mountains, and fairytale castles.
- Ukraine: - Known for golden-domed churches, lively cities like Kyiv and Lviv, and resilient cultural spirit amid adversity.
Mediterranean Europe
Mediterranean Europe encompasses countries along the Mediterranean Sea, including Spain, Italy, Greece, and Croatia. This region is renowned for its beautiful coastlines, historic ruins, and mouth-watering culinary traditions. Travelers can explore the ancient ruins of Rome, the picturesque Amalfi Coast in Italy, and the stunning Greek islands like Santorini and Mykonos. In Spain, the city of Barcelona offers Gaudí’s architectural masterpieces, while Dubrovnik in Croatia boasts well-preserved medieval walls and a scenic old town. The Mediterranean climate and diverse landscapes make this region a popular destination for both cultural and leisure activities.
- Albania: - A rising destination with stunning Adriatic beaches, Ottoman towns, and rugged mountains.
- Andorra: - A tiny principality tucked between France and Spain, popular for skiing, hiking, and duty-free shopping.
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: - A culturally rich country with Ottoman-era towns, scenic rivers, and a poignant recent history.
- Croatia: - Famed for its spectacular Adriatic coastline, medieval cities like Dubrovnik, and island-hopping adventures.
- Cyprus: - A sunny Mediterranean island steeped in Greek and Turkish culture, ancient ruins, and beach resorts.
- Gibraltar: - A British outpost at the southern tip of Spain known for its towering Rock, tunnels, and wild macaques.
- Greece: - The cradle of Western civilization, offering ancient ruins, island paradises, and rich Mediterranean culture.
- Italy: - A treasure trove of art, history, cuisine, and scenery from Rome to Venice and the Amalfi Coast.
- Kosovo: - Europe’s youngest country with vibrant cafés in Pristina, Ottoman architecture, and mountain landscapes.
- Macedonia: - A compact country of lakes, mountains, and ancient towns like Ohrid, with deep Orthodox traditions.
- Malta: - A sun-soaked island nation packed with medieval fortresses, clear blue waters, and ancient temples.
- Montenegro: - A small country of dramatic coastlines, fjord-like bays, and charming old towns like Kotor.
- Northern Cyprus: - A Turkish-controlled region with historic ruins, empty beaches, and walled cities like Famagusta.
- Portugal: - Western Europe’s hidden gem with colorful cities like Lisbon and Porto, and beautiful Atlantic beaches.
- San Marino: - One of the world’s smallest republics, offering medieval towers, panoramic views, and tax-free shopping.
- Serbia: - A lively Balkan country with bohemian neighborhoods in Belgrade, historic monasteries, and river cruises.
- Slovenia: - A green gem known for Lake Bled, Alpine scenery, and charming old towns like Ljubljana.
- Spain: - A vibrant country of sun-soaked beaches, lively festivals, architectural wonders, and diverse regional cultures.
- Turkey: - A crossroads of continents, with ancient ruins, bustling bazaars, coastal resorts, and historic Istanbul.
- Vatican City: - The spiritual center of Catholicism, home to St. Peter’s Basilica, the Vatican Museums, and the Sistine Chapel.
Northern Europe
Northern Europe includes countries like Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland, known for their beautiful natural landscapes, modern cities, and high quality of life. The region offers a mix of cosmopolitan cities like Stockholm and Copenhagen, and breathtaking natural sites such as the fjords of Norway and the Northern Lights in Finland. Travelers can enjoy exploring the historic streets of Tallinn, Estonia, or the vibrant culture and design scene in Helsinki, Finland. Northern Europe is also famous for its outdoor activities, including hiking, skiing, and exploring vast forests and lakes.
- Denmark: - A Scandinavian country known for fairy-tale castles, cycling cities like Copenhagen, and cozy hygge culture.
- Estonia: - A Baltic gem offering medieval cities like Tallinn, digital innovation, and unspoiled forests.
- Finland: - A land of lakes, saunas, northern lights, and vibrant design culture centered around Helsinki.
- Iceland: - A rugged island of volcanoes, waterfalls, glaciers, and geothermal hot springs, perfect for adventurous travelers.
- Latvia: - A Baltic country with Art Nouveau architecture in Riga, sandy beaches, and dense forests.
- Lithuania: - A historic nation blending medieval old towns like Vilnius with lakes, forests, and a resilient spirit.
- Norway: - A dramatic landscape of fjords, mountains, and coastal cities like Bergen and Oslo.
- Sweden: - A stylish and progressive country with scenic archipelagos, medieval towns, and vibrant cities like Stockholm.
Western Europe
Western Europe is a culturally and historically rich region, encompassing countries such as France, Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Paris, the “City of Light,” attracts millions with its iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre. Germany offers a blend of modern cities and medieval towns, with Berlin’s historic sites and Munich’s Bavarian charm. In Belgium, travelers can indulge in chocolate and beer while exploring the medieval city of Bruges. The Netherlands is known for its picturesque canals in Amsterdam and the beautiful tulip fields.
- Austria: - A country of alpine beauty, grand imperial cities like Vienna, and classical music heritage.
- Belgium: - Known for medieval towns, delicious chocolate and beer, and iconic cities like Bruges and Brussels.
- France: - A world-famous destination offering romance in Paris, vineyards in Bordeaux, and Riviera beaches.
- Germany: - A diverse country with historic cities, fairytale castles, and lively traditions like Oktoberfest.
- Ireland: - The Emerald Isle with lush landscapes, friendly pubs, ancient ruins, and vibrant cities like Dublin.
- Liechtenstein: - A tiny alpine principality with hilltop castles, scenic hikes, and a quiet, prosperous vibe.
- Luxembourg: - A small, wealthy country known for its fortified medieval old town and beautiful countryside.
- Monaco: - A glamorous microstate famous for luxury yachts, the Grand Prix, and the lavish Casino de Monte-Carlo.
- Netherlands: - A flat, charming country of canals, tulips, and vibrant cities like Amsterdam and Rotterdam.
- Switzerland: - A postcard-perfect land of mountains, lakes, chocolate, and sophisticated cities like Zurich and Geneva.
- United Kingdom: - A historic island nation offering royal palaces, rugged landscapes, and vibrant cities from London to Edinburgh.
Highlights
It is not surprising that a continent as large as Europe offers a wide range of attractions to suit all tastes. Whether manmade or natural, there is plenty to see and do, in fact so much so that you won’t be able to fit it all in during one trip. Ranging from ancient ruins to deserted beaches and from enormous national parks to exciting cities, Europe literally has it all.
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Eiffel Tower: (Paris, France) Iconic symbol of France offering panoramic views of Paris from its observation decks. This iron lattice tower, completed in 1889, is a must-visit landmark, especially stunning when illuminated at night. It remains a quintessential part of the Parisian skyline and a marvel of engineering.
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Vatican City: (Rome, Italy) The Vatican City is home to the Pope and is the smallest independent sovereign state in the world. There are a number of sights to see, but the most popular tourist attraction is the Sistine Chapel, the roof of which was painted by Michelangelo in 1508. Other sights include St Peter’s Basilica, the Vatican library and the gardens.
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Colosseum: (Rome, Italy) Ancient amphitheater renowned for its historical significance and impressive architecture. Once the site of gladiatorial contests and public spectacles, it stands as a testament to Roman engineering and ingenuity. Visitors can explore its vast corridors and imagine the grandeur of ancient Rome.
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Sagrada Familia: (Barcelona, Spain) Antoni Gaudí’s unfinished masterpiece, a unique basilica with intricate designs. Its stunning facades and interiors draw millions of visitors who marvel at its innovative architecture and intricate details. The ongoing construction continues to fulfill Gaudí’s vision, making it a living piece of art.
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Acropolis: (Athens, Greece) The Acropolis in Athens looks down on the city from a great height. It is one of the most famous sights in Europe and is now a symbol of the country. It dates back approximately 2,500 years and houses the Parthenon, which was dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena. Despite being in ruins, the Acropolis is still awe-inspiring and well worth the trip to see it.
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Dublin (Ireland): Dublin, the capital of Ireland is one of the top destinations in the whole of Europe. There are many attractions in the city, an abundance of accommodation and plenty of entertainment. Experience Irish hospitality by having a pint of Guinness in a real Irish pub.
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Historic London (England): Central London boasts a history unlike many other capital cities and is also home to a number of theaters, museums, historical buildings, Royal palaces and of course shopping facilities. A trip to London isn’t complete without doing a tour of the historic old town with its imposing towers, ornate buildings and cultural heritage.
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Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament: (London, England) Iconic landmarks on the banks of the River Thames. The clock tower, officially named the Elizabeth Tower, is one of the most recognizable symbols of London. The Gothic architecture of the Houses of Parliament adds to the historical and political significance of this site.
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Brandenburg Gate: (Berlin, Germany) Historic monument symbolizing German unity and history. This neoclassical gate, once a symbol of division during the Cold War, now stands as a reminder of the city’s turbulent past and reunification. It is a central landmark in Berlin, surrounded by historical and cultural sites.
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Anne Frank House: (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Museum dedicated to Anne Frank, located in the building where she hid during World War II. It provides a poignant and powerful look at her life and the horrors of the Holocaust through preserved rooms and historical exhibits.
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Edinburgh Castle: (Edinburgh, Scotland) Historic fortress offering stunning views and insights into Scotland’s past. Perched on Castle Rock, it houses the Crown Jewels and the Stone of Destiny. The castle’s history spans over a thousand years, making it a key landmark in the city’s skyline.
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Cliffs of Moher: (County Clare, Ireland) Dramatic cliffs along the Atlantic coast, known for their breathtaking views. Rising over 700 feet above the ocean, they offer panoramic vistas and are home to diverse birdlife. The Cliffs of Moher are a natural wonder, attracting visitors for their raw beauty.
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Palace of Versailles: (Versailles, France) Opulent royal palace with stunning gardens and rich history. Once the center of political power in France, it showcases the grandeur of French classical architecture and the extravagance of the royal court. The Hall of Mirrors and extensive gardens are highlights of this UNESCO World Heritage site.
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Neuschwanstein Castle: (Bavaria, Germany) Fairy-tale castle known for its picturesque setting and inspiring Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. Built by King Ludwig II, it offers enchanting tours through its lavish rooms and fantastic views of the surrounding mountains. The castle’s whimsical design makes it a favorite among tourists.
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Plitvice Lakes National Park: (Croatia) UNESCO World Heritage site known for its cascading lakes and waterfalls. Visitors can explore interconnected lakes and forests via wooden walkways and hiking trails, experiencing the park’s beauty. The turquoise waters and wildlife make it a paradise for nature lovers.
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The Louvre: (Paris, France) World-renowned museum housing the Mona Lisa and countless other masterpieces. As the world’s largest art museum, it offers an unparalleled collection spanning thousands of years and various cultures. Its historic palace setting and extensive exhibits make it a cultural treasure trove.
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Prague Castle: (Prague, Czech Republic) Historic castle complex offering stunning architecture and views over the city. As one of the largest ancient castles in the world, it includes palaces, churches, and gardens, representing centuries of history and architectural styles. The castle complex is a focal point of Prague’s cultural and political life.
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Santorini: (Greece) Picturesque island known for its white-washed buildings, blue-domed churches, and beautiful sunsets. The volcanic island offers beautiful beaches, delicious cuisine, and scenic views of the Aegean Sea. Its unique landscape and charming villages make it a top destination in the Greek Isles.
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La Alhambra: (Granada, Spain) Moorish palace and fortress complex with beautiful gardens and Islamic architecture. It is a testament to the cultural history of the region, featuring intricate decorations, courtyards and is one of the best-preserved palaces of the historic Islamic world.
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Kremlin and Red Square: (Moscow, Russia) Historic and political center of Russia, featuring iconic buildings like St. Basil’s Cathedral. The Kremlin complex includes grand palaces and cathedrals, while Red Square is a hub of cultural and historical significance.
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Disneyland Resort (Paris): Disneyland Paris is a smaller version of its larger and older counterpart in the US. It is great for a family holiday and boasts theme parks, museums, sports facilities, shopping complexes, restaurants and accommodation.
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Edinburgh Castle (Scotland): Edinburgh Castle is one of the most famous landmarks in Scotland and has been in use for over 1,000 years. It was once a royal residence, but today is more of a museum. There is much to explore and many views to admire from the top of the hill.
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Wenceslas Square (Prague): This busy square began life as a horse market in the early 1900s. There is a lot of historical architecture lining the square and it is a great place to sit and watch the world go by. There are a number of hotels, shops, restaurants and bars located in and around the square. It is the true heart of the city.
Top Cities
- Paris: (France) Known as the “City of Light,” famous for its art, fashion, and iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower.
- London: (England) A global metropolis renowned for its history and landmarks such as Big Ben and the Tower of London.
- Rome: (Italy) The “Eternal City” boasting ancient ruins, Vatican City, and famous Italian cuisine.
- Berlin: (Germany) A city with a dynamic history, great arts scene, and landmarks like the Brandenburg Gate.
- Barcelona: (Spain) Celebrated for its unique architecture by Antoni Gaudí, lively street life, and beautiful Mediterranean beaches.
- Amsterdam: (Netherlands) Known for its picturesque canals, historic buildings, and a relaxed, bike-friendly culture.
- Prague: (Czech Republic) Famous for its well-preserved medieval architecture, charming old town, and the iconic Charles Bridge.
- Vienna: (Austria) A city of classical music heritage, grand palaces, and café culture.
- Madrid: (Spain) Spain’s capital, known for its royal palace, nightlife, and rich artistic heritage.
- Lisbon: (Portugal) A coastal city known for its historic neighborhoods, scenic views, and unique tram system.
- Budapest: (Hungary) Divided by the Danube River, known for its stunning architecture, thermal baths, and cultural life.
- Florence: (Italy) The birthplace of the Renaissance, famous for its art, architecture, and historical significance.
- Istanbul: (Turkey) A city that straddles Europe and Asia, rich in history with landmarks like the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque.
- Copenhagen: (Denmark) Known for its modern design, historic charm, and the famous Little Mermaid statue.
- Edinburgh: (Scotland) A city with a dramatic skyline, historic castle, and renowned festivals.
As Europe is such a large continent, the climate throughout is extremely different depending on where you go. Most of Europe sees warm, but not overly hot, summers and cold winters. Rain is a major feature in most places and there can be periods of heavy rain throughout the year, regardless of the season.
Southern Europe generally experiences the best weather and many people from the northern parts make their way to the south for their summer holidays. Places such as Greece and Portugal actually experience very hot and dry summers whereas Scandinavia and the UK see cooler and often more bearable conditions.
June to October These months are generally regarded as the summer months, although it is possible to have heat-waves earlier in the year, which are actually getting more and more common. However, June marks the beginning of summer and also the beginning of the peak season in Europe. The European summer break from school is generally in July and August so there is always a rush of families getting away for a couple of weeks during this time.
The weather is warm throughout Europe and southern Europe in particular can often see temperatures reaching mid to high 30s (°C). Northern Europe is much more temperate with weather staying in the high-20s (°C), low-30s (°C).
Temperatures begin to cool down towards the end of September and throughout October, the climate is often enjoyably mild, but it is somewhat cooler than the previous months.
November to February This is a time you definitely don’t want to be in northern Europe if you are looking for sun. The most northern parts of Europe such as Iceland and Scandinavia have very short days and long nights. In fact, some parts of Iceland are dark for 24-hours during the depths of winter.
Other areas of northern Europe are brighter, but still experience bitter temperatures. Sleet and snow are not uncommon and when the weather becomes milder, rain is not uncommon either.
If you are a fan of winter sports then there are many places which will suit every need such as the Alps, the mountains of Eastern Europe and parts of Russia. Snow is seen in the UK and northern France, but not as much as in other areas.
March to May Springtime in Europe is a very pleasant season. Plants start flowering, days get longer and the sun begins to shine again. There is a noticeable difference in people’s moods as they leave the long winter nights behind them for another year.
Temperatures in areas such as Britain, France, Germany and northern Italy reach low-20s (°C) while in southern Europe, they are already hitting the 30s (°C). Many people opt to take spring breaks and it is a very good time of year to visit as tourist areas are less crowded and prices are much lower.
Northern Europe Northern Europe experiences much colder and wetter weather than the south. Winters are longer and darker and summers while warm are rarely as hot as countries such as Cyprus and Portugal.
Most people in northern Europe escape to the south even in the summer to enjoy the sunshine and blue skies as the weather can be very unpredictable in their home countries.
Areas in the extreme north of Europe experience ferocious winters and some towns even have 24 hours of darkness as it nears the winter solstice. The summer months are brighter, but still a lot colder than other countries even in the north.
Southern Europe If you are looking for guaranteed sunshine during the summer months or warmer weather during the winter months, you should make your way to southern Europe. The temperatures are much warmer than in the north and for many people are a lot more pleasant.
Festivals & Events
- Carnival of Venice: (February, Venice, Italy) A world-famous event featuring elaborate masks and costumes, parades, and performances throughout the city.
- Oktoberfest: (September-October, Munich, Germany) The largest beer festival in the world, celebrating Bavarian culture with traditional music, food, and beer.
- La Tomatina: (August, Buñol, Spain) A unique festival where participants engage in a massive tomato fight in the streets.
- Edinburgh Festival Fringe: (August, Edinburgh, Scotland) The world’s largest arts festival, showcasing thousands of performances including theater, comedy, dance, and music.
- Glastonbury Festival: (June, Somerset, England) One of the most renowned music festivals globally, featuring top artists and a variety of performances across multiple stages.
- Running of the Bulls: (July, Pamplona, Spain) An exhilarating event where participants run in front of bulls through the streets of the city.
- Tomorrowland: (July, Boom, Belgium) A major electronic dance music festival attracting top DJs and fans from around the world.
- San Fermin Festival: (July, Pamplona, Spain) Famous for the Running of the Bulls, this week-long celebration also includes parades, music, and fireworks.
- Battle of the Oranges: (February, Ivrea, Italy) A historic carnival event where teams engage in a massive orange-throwing battle.
- White Nights Festival: (June-July, St. Petersburg, Russia) Celebrates the long summer nights with classical ballet, opera, and music performances.
- Grape Harvest Festival: (September, Various locations, France) Celebrates the wine harvest with events including grape stomping, wine tasting, and parades.
- Christmas Markets: (December, Various locations, Germany and Austria) Traditional markets featuring holiday crafts, food, and festive decorations, with notable markets in cities like Nuremberg, Vienna, and Berlin.
- Sziget Festival: (August, Budapest, Hungary) One of Europe’s largest music and cultural festivals, held on an island in the Danube River.
- Kingsday: (April, Amsterdam, Netherlands) A national holiday celebrating the Dutch king’s birthday with street parties, music, and a city-wide flea market.
- Carnival of Nice: (February, Nice, France) A colorful celebration with parades, flower battles, and extravagant floats along the French Riviera.
- Midsummer: (June, Sweden) A traditional celebration marking the summer solstice, featuring maypole dancing, singing, and feasting.
Europe is home to a wide range of different landscapes and weather patterns. Regardless of whether you want to climb a mountain, dive to the depths of the ocean or surf the waves in the sun, there is something for everyone.
The continent is divided into two main parts, Eastern and Western Europe. Western Europe is generally much more developed, although Eastern Europe has opened up and offers untamed nature and stunning beaches.
While Europe may not be as exotic as other destinations throughout the world, it does boast a huge array of wildlife and breathtaking scenery, which adds to the overall experience when visiting.
Don’t Miss Activities
Tour the Historic Landmarks of Rome: Visit ancient wonders like the Colosseum, Roman Forum, and Pantheon, then toss a coin into the Trevi Fountain.
Explore the Castles and Villages of the Scottish Highlands: Discover rugged landscapes dotted with lochs, castles, and historic towns like Inverness and Fort William.
Sail the Fjords of Norway: Cruise through dramatic fjords like Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord, surrounded by towering cliffs and cascading waterfalls.
Wander Through Paris: From the Eiffel Tower and Louvre to Montmartre’s cobblestone streets, the French capital offers endless culture, food, and romance.
Hike the Dolomites in Italy: Explore jagged peaks, alpine meadows, and charming mountain villages , a UNESCO World Heritage Site for both beauty and history.
Visit the Acropolis in Athens: Walk in the footsteps of philosophers at the Parthenon and ancient Agora, blending history with panoramic views of the Aegean.
Relax on the Beaches of the Mediterranean: Enjoy the turquoise waters and historic coastal towns of the French Riviera, Greek Islands, and Amalfi Coast.
Experience Christmas Markets in Central Europe: Wander festive markets in Vienna, Prague, and Strasbourg, sipping mulled wine and shopping for handmade crafts.
Land Activities
Hiking & Trekking: Top-class hiking across the Alps, Dolomites, Scottish Highlands, and Camino de Santiago. Dramatic trails from coastlines to peaks.
Bicycle Touring: Excellent cycling infrastructure , EuroVelo routes connect the continent; best in the Netherlands, France, Germany, and Denmark.
Rock Climbing: Premier spots include Kalymnos, Chamonix, the Dolomites, and El Chorro in Spain.
Motorcycle Touring: Ride the Alpine passes, coastal routes in Croatia, or rural France , ideal for both casual and hardcore bikers.
Wildlife Safari / Bird Watching: National parks in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, and the Mediterranean host diverse birdlife, bears, wolves, and more.
Caving / Spelunking: Explore caves like Postojna Cave (Slovenia) and Grotte de Clamouse (France).
Water Activities
Kayaking / Canoeing: Paddle in Norwegian fjords, the Dordogne River (France), Lake Bled (Slovenia), or along the Mediterranean coast.
Snorkeling: Clear, warm waters around Greece, Croatia, Malta, and southern Italy offer excellent conditions.
Scuba Diving: Dive shipwrecks near Malta, caves in Croatia, and reefs around the Balearic Islands and Sardinia.
Fishing: Freshwater and saltwater fishing in places like the Lochs of Scotland, Danube River, and Norwegian fjords.
White Water Rafting: Best rafting rivers include the Soča River (Slovenia) and Inn River (Austria).
Surfing: Popular surf spots include Ericeira (Portugal), Hossegor (France), and Bundoran (Ireland).
Wind Surfing: Active scenes in Tarifa (Spain), the Greek Islands, and the Canary Islands.
Leisure & Lifestyle
Shopping: Shop designer fashion in Paris, artisanal crafts in Prague, and bustling markets in Istanbul.
Weddings / Honeymoons: Romantic options abound , from the vineyards of Tuscany and cliffs of Santorini to castles in Scotland.
Spa Treatments: Thermal spas in Budapest, luxury retreats in the Alps, and seaside wellness centers across Croatia.
Nightlife & Partying: Club scenes in Berlin, beach parties in Ibiza, and rooftop lounges in Barcelona and London.
Cooking Classes: Learn Italian cooking in Bologna, French pastry in Paris, or tapas making in Seville.
Wellness, Spas & Yoga: Yoga retreats in Portugal, spa towns like Karlovy Vary, and alpine wellness centers offer relaxation and health.
Golfing: Top courses in St Andrews (Scotland), the Algarve (Portugal), and the Costa del Sol (Spain).
Winter Activities
Skiing / Snowboarding: Legendary resorts across the Alps , including Chamonix, Zermatt, St. Anton, and Cortina d’Ampezzo.
Snowshoeing & Cross-Country Skiing: Extensive trail systems in Norway, Sweden, and across the Swiss Alps.
Ice Climbing: Popular in Chamonix, Rjukan (Norway), and the Italian Alps.
Dog Sledding: Adventures across Lapland (Finland, Sweden, and Norway) with reindeer and husky sledding.
Cultural Experiences
Explore Medieval Cities and Castles: Wander the old towns of Tallinn, Dubrovnik, Carcassonne, and Český Krumlov.
Visit World-Class Museums: Discover treasures at the Louvre, Uffizi Gallery, British Museum, and Hermitage Museum.
Tour Historic Churches and Monuments: Marvel at Westminster Abbey, Notre-Dame Cathedral, Sagrada Família, and the Blue Mosque (Istanbul).
Join Iconic Festivals: Celebrate Oktoberfest in Munich, Carnival in Venice, La Tomatina in Buñol, and Christmas markets across Germany and Austria.
Attend Classical Music and Opera Performances: Enjoy concerts in Vienna, Salzburg, and Prague , Europe’s music capitals.
Explore Wine Regions: Visit Bordeaux, Burgundy, Tuscany, Douro Valley, and Rhineland vineyards.
Stay in Traditional Villages: Sleep in historic inns in the Cotswolds, stone houses in Puglia, or coastal cottages in Ireland.
Unique
Ride the Glacier Express: A panoramic slow train across the Swiss Alps , connecting Zermatt to St. Moritz.
Watch the Northern Lights: Best seen from Tromsø (Norway), Abisko (Sweden), Lapland (Finland), or Iceland.
Stay in an Ice Hotel: Experience the original ICEHOTEL in Jukkasjärvi (Sweden) or others across Scandinavia.
Trek the Camino de Santiago: A historic pilgrimage route spanning across Spain to Santiago de Compostela.
Explore Viking Heritage: Discover the history at the Viking Ship Museum (Oslo), Roskilde (Denmark), and across Iceland.
Cruise the Mediterranean: Sail between Barcelona, Nice, Naples, Santorini, and Athens.
Visit UNESCO World Heritage Towns: Stroll through Bruges, Dubrovnik, Český Krumlov, and Kotor.
Courses & Learning
Language Immersion Programs: Study French in Paris, Spanish in Seville, German in Vienna, or Italian in Florence.
Cooking Classes: Master Italian pasta, Spanish paella, or French patisserie in hands-on workshops across the continent.
Art and Photography Workshops: Capture landscapes in Scotland, street scenes in Lisbon, or historic towns in Prague.
Wine and Cheese Tasting Tours: Join tastings in Bordeaux, Piedmont, and Douro Valley , guided by sommeliers and artisans.
Medieval and Renaissance History Courses: Short-term study programs in Florence, Paris, or Oxford.
Music and Dance Workshops: Take flamenco lessons in Seville, Irish dance in Dublin, or classical violin in Vienna.
Volunteer with Conservation Projects: Engage in environmental or heritage projects across Portugal, Scotland, Slovenia, and Croatia.
Europe is well connected by air with the rest of the world, with flights operating to every international capital on the globe. It is possible to fly direct to and from most locations, but stopping en route can often mean you make a saving.
The European summer holiday spans from June to August and sees air fares go up. Likewise, flights increase in price over the Christmas period. During other times of the year it is possible to find flight deals and low-cost package holidays. Europe’s busiest airports include London Heathrow, Paris Charles de Gaulle, Frankfurt, Madrid Barajas and Amsterdam Schiphol.
From the US: flying to Europe from both the east coast and the west coast of the US is straightforward, with direct flights available to all European capitals from New York’s JFK and Los Angeles international airports. Prices peak in the summer months (June to August) and around Christmas.
From Canada: Toronto and Vancouver international airports service direct flights to European capitals such as London, Paris and Rome. For the best deals, avoid travel in June, July, August and December.
From the UK: while the UK is part of Europe, it is an island separated from the mainland by the English Channel. It is possible to take a budget flight to mainland Europe from most UK airports, but you can also arrive via the Channel Tunnel by Eurostar or take a ferry from Dover to Calais, France.
From Australia and New Zealand: direct flights operate from both New Zealand’s Auckland International Airport and Australia’s main air hubs at Sydney, Brisbane, Perth and Melbourne to major European airports. Flights are typically cheaper from Australian airports, and the best deals can be had during the low seasons of September to November and January to May.
From South Africa: Johannesburg International Airport serves direct flights to all major European cities. Air fares increase over Christmas and during the European summer (June to August).
There are over 50 countries in Europe, all of different sizes and stages of development. Budget airlines offer flights all across Europe, but this is not the best way to see the picturesque towns and countryside. There are a number of overland routes which are a lot more fun and allow you fully experience every country you visit.
Train
Traveling by train is one of the most comfortable ways to travel and with excellent service on most of the railways, it is often extremely convenient. It is, however, important to remember that individual train tickets can prove to be expensive, especially if you are traveling through Western Europe so it is a good idea to look into the options of rail passes.
There are a number of different passes available such as the Eurail which allows travel through 18 countries. There are also youth passes for those under the age of 26. It is also possible to buy combined rail and bus tickets which offer huge savings on your travel.
Many countries in western Europe are connected by high-speed trains, for example the UK is connected to France and Belgium by the EuroStar and when you are on mainland Europe, you can reach virtually anywhere else. The trains in Eastern Europe, however, are not so developed and many take a long time to reach their destination.
If you are traveling long distances, you will find that it is much more convenient to fly or take the train; however, if you are on a tight budget, these modes might not be an option. There are a number of international bus companies linking European countries although if you are traveling throughout Eastern Europe, you will find that local companies offer much lower rates than in the West. They offer connections to destinations across eastern, western and central Europe.
Many local railways have been closed down in the East due to economic troubles so sometimes buses are the only way to get from A to B. However, these are usually local buses which although cheap, can be overcrowded and uncomfortable. However, nothing will let you experience local culture more than getting on a bus full of local people.
Car
The price of renting a car in Europe will depend entirely on where you are. As with most things, car rental is more expensive in the West. Driving through Europe will give you a lot more flexibility than taking public transport, but you should always be traveling with someone who can share the driving and the fuel costs as Europe is a very large continent. In order to rent a car, you will need a credit card, your driver’s license and be at least 21 years old.
There are no border controls between countries that have signed and implemented the Schengen Agreement, but it is important to remember that not all EU members have signed the Schengen Treaty. The roads throughout most of Europe are very good and apart from in the city centers, traffic is usually scarce.
Air
With the sudden boom in low-cost airlines, flying is not only convenient but depending on available deals, it can also be economical. If you are on a tight schedule, flying may be the only viable option.
Ferry
If you have a lot of time to spare, you could consider taking a boat to one of Europe’s coastal destinations. There are a number of ferry links throughout Europe offering an enjoyable form of transportation.
Finding accommodation in Europe is easy, with all countries in the region having the necessary infrastructure to accommodate tourists. If you want to stay in an upmarket hotel, you will need to book in advance, especially during the peak seasons (June to August and December). Budget accommodation, on the other hand, does not usually require advance reservation, except during peak holiday periods.
Quality of lodgings depends on the price you pay, with most high end establishments offering impeccable service and standards. Mid-range hotels can vary, while hostels typically offer basic yet clean no-fills accommodation. If you plan on camping, check the location of the campsite and its facilities before you arrive to ensure it suits your needs.
Hotels
Europe boasts some of the world’s most luxurious and expensive hotels as well as plenty of mid-range, comfortable options for those with lower budgets. The capital cities of the region offer the most expensive places to stay, but cheaper hotel alternatives are usually available in the city suburbs. Standards are normally high.
Hostels
Hostels are widely available in all major cities and most large towns in Europe. Popular among backpackers, this budget type accommodation typically provides clean private or dorm rooms as well as cooking facilities. Discounts are often available for students or members of hostel affiliations.
Camping
Camping is a great way to experience the outdoors on a budget, and Europe offers some excellent sites with comprehensive facilities such as showers and onsite kitchens. Discounts are often available for students and members of camping affiliations.
There are not many health concerns to be worried about on a trip to Europe. Western Europe in particular boasts excellent healthcare systems and world-class medical staff. Standards of hygiene are good and health and safety laws in the west are stringent.
In some of the less-developed countries, laws are not quite so strict and medical facilities in rural areas may be less developed. This being said, however, there are no major disease epidemics to be wary of and with common sense you should have a trouble free holiday.
As a general rule, the north, west and central Europe are somewhat safer than eastern and southern Europe but most people have a hassle free and enjoyable holiday wherever they go.
Scams & Petty Crime
The main tourist hubs have opportunist thieves in abundance, just like anywhere in the world. Always keep hold of your belongings and never reveal valuables in public. By sticking to the main tourist tracks, you should encounter no problems. There are very low rates of violent crimes against tourists in European countries although there are certain areas you should avoid, but these do not usually hold any interest for tourists anyway.
Political Unrest
Since 9/11, many European countries have been on high alert. The bombings in Madrid (2004) and London (2005) saw many countries enter a state of panic, and holidaymakers in Turkey have also come under attack. While the threat remains high, government agencies such as MI5 are doing all they can to catch terrorists before they strike.
Diseases
There are no tropical diseases to be wary of in Europe however you should still ensure standard vaccinations are up-to-date before you travel. Typhoid is found in parts of Turkey, while rabies is still found in certain parts of Europe.
Nature’s Fury
The weather throughout Europe is very different in each region. Northern and eastern parts see a lot of snow, which can be hazardous if you are driving. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of hurricanes affecting Western countries.
Sexual Harrassment
Female travelers are advised to exercise caution when travelling alone in Europe, as with anywhere in the world. While women are generally safe travelling alone in daylight hours, traveling alone at night is not recommended. It is common for men to whistle or hiss at ladies in the street in some European countries, but this is usually non-threatening and should be ignored.
If you are an EU citizen, finding work in Europe is easy. Nationals of other countries must first apply for a work permit/visa before they can legally work in Europe, which can be a lengthy and complicated procedure that involves a lot of paperwork.
All European major educational institutes accept applications from international students, making studying here feasible. The rates international students pay are typically twice that of what nationals pay, however, making studying in Europe expensive. Living costs are also expensive, deterring some students. You will need to fulfill the university or college qualification and language requirements in order to come and study in Europe.
Once your paperwork is in order, finding work is straightforward using job centers, job newspapers and local job websites. Work in almost every field is available in major cities include language teaching and catering positions, while rural areas often have agricultural or factory work.
English is widely spoken in many European countries, but a basic understanding of the national language of the country you visit will help you enormously. If you can’t speak one of Europe’s national languages, you may prefer to study or work in an English speaking nation such as the UK.