Central America travel guide & travel tips

Central America, a diverse landscape stretching from Panama to Guatemala, is a vibrant area steeped in ancient traditions and textured cultural traditions. Once known as a place of political turmoil, today the region draws visitors for a holiday experience like no other.

Where to Go

Things to Do

Explore: Belize • Costa Rica • El Salvador • Guatemala • Honduras • Nicaragua • Panama

Belize: Discover stunning coral reefs, ancient Mayan ruins, and diverse wildlife in this small but vibrant Central American country.
Costa Rica: Experience lush rainforests, beautiful beaches, and abundant wildlife, perfect for adventure and eco-tourism.
El Salvador: Explore volcanic landscapes, beautiful beaches, and rich cultural heritage in the smallest Central American country.
Guatemala: Visit ancient Mayan ruins, picturesque highland towns, and stunning lakes like Lake Atitlán.
Honduras: Enjoy beautiful beaches, rich marine life, and ancient Mayan ruins, with highlights including Roatán and Copán.
Nicaragua: Discover diverse landscapes, from volcanoes and lakes to colonial cities like Granada and León.
Panama: Experience the engineering marvel of the Panama Canal, vibrant city life in Panama City, and beautiful beaches on both coasts.

The natural attractions abounding in Cost Rica see eco-tourists come in their thousands, while the volcanic lines and fascinating, ancient heritage of El Salvador provide an eye opening experience. Guatemala’s Tikal ruins and the stunning El Peten rainforests are among the top Central American attractions. The city of Copan, in Honduras, is a colorful metropolis dating back to Mayan times, while the Islas de Bahía provides the perfect retreat location for a peaceful sojourn.

Nicaragua is today a well developed country with excellent tourist infrastructure. For some of the region’s best diving, Belize is a popular destination. Vast plains and soaring mountain ranges offer varied opportunities to suit all types of visitors coming to Central America.

With a colorfully rich history and various cultural traditions as part of the region’s unique charm, visitors will be amazed at how much there is to do and see. Ethnic groups provide an insight into the rich traditions of the various groups, while music and food culture are among the most rewarding experiences.

Well established rail lines will transport you from country to country and within the various states. From vibrant capital cities to remote rural landscapes, there will be little time to rest while exploring this area of the world. Bustling nightlife scenes, defined by boisterous traditional music and lots of the best of local liquor, will not disappoint those who like to party. For a more relaxing trip, natural exploration and world class spa facilities are among the most popular holiday options in Central America.

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Where to Go

Highlights

Arenal Volcano: A stunning active volcano in Costa Rica offering hiking trails, hot springs, and diverse wildlife.
Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve: A lush, misty forest in Costa Rica known for its rich biodiversity and adventure activities like zip-lining.
Manuel Antonio National Park: Beautiful beaches, hiking trails, and abundant wildlife, including monkeys and sloths, in Costa Rica.
Great Blue Hole: A giant marine sinkhole in Belize, perfect for scuba diving and snorkeling to see vibrant marine life.
Mayan Ruins of Caracol: Explore the ancient ruins of one of the largest Mayan cities in Belize.
Caye Caulker: A laid-back island in Belize known for its crystal-clear waters, snorkeling, and diving opportunities.
Tikal: An impressive ancient Mayan city in Guatemala with towering temples and rich history set in the jungle.
Lake Atitlán: A picturesque lake in Guatemala surrounded by volcanoes and traditional Mayan villages.
Antigua: A charming colonial city in Guatemala with cobblestone streets, colorful buildings, and historic churches.
Panama Canal: Witness one of the greatest engineering marvels of the modern world in Panama.
San Blas Islands: An archipelago of over 300 islands in Panama known for their pristine beaches and vibrant indigenous culture.
Boquete: A picturesque mountain town in Panama famous for coffee plantations, hiking trails, and cool climate.
Copán Ruins: A significant Mayan archaeological site in Honduras known for its intricate stone carvings and historical significance.
Roatán Island: A popular destination in Honduras for diving, snorkeling, and beautiful beaches in the Caribbean Sea.
La Tigra National Park: A cloud forest in Honduras offering hiking trails, waterfalls, and rich wildlife.
Granada: A colonial city in Nicaragua with colorful architecture, historic churches, and proximity to Lake Nicaragua.
Ometepe Island: Formed by two volcanoes, this Nicaraguan island offers hiking, wildlife, and stunning views.
León: A city in Nicaragua known for its vibrant culture, historic cathedrals, and nearby volcano boarding adventures.
Ruta de las Flores: A scenic route in El Salvador passing through charming villages, coffee plantations, and vibrant markets.
Suchitoto: A picturesque colonial town in El Salvador with cobblestone streets and a rich arts scene.
El Tunco: A famous beach destination in El Salvador for surfing, vibrant nightlife, and stunning sunsets.

Destinations

Belize: Belize, located on the eastern coast of Central America, is known for its lush jungles, diverse wildlife, and the second-largest barrier reef in the world. Travelers can explore ancient Mayan ruins like Caracol and Lamanai, dive into the famous Blue Hole, or relax on the beautiful beaches of Ambergris Caye and Caye Caulker. The country also offers adventure activities like cave tubing, zip-lining, and snorkeling in the Hol Chan Marine Reserve.

Ambergris Caye • Belize City
Costa Rica: Costa Rica, bordered by Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south, is a haven for eco-tourists and adventure seekers. The country is renowned for its national parks, such as Arenal Volcano, Manuel Antonio, and Corcovado, which offer hiking, wildlife spotting, and birdwatching. Visitors can also enjoy pristine beaches on both the Pacific and Caribbean coasts, surf in Tamarindo, or experience the rich biodiversity of Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve.

San Jose • Tamarindo
El Salvador: El Salvador, the smallest country in Central America, is characterized by its Pacific coastline, mountainous landscapes, and numerous volcanoes. Highlights for travelers include the Ruta de las Flores, a scenic route through charming villages and coffee plantations, and the Joya de Cerén, a UNESCO World Heritage Site preserving a pre-Hispanic farming community. Surfing enthusiasts flock to El Tunco and El Sunzal for some of the best waves in the region.
Guatemala: Guatemala is a country of rich cultural heritage and stunning natural beauty, bordered by Mexico to the north and west. Key attractions include the ancient Mayan city of Tikal, nestled in the dense Petén rainforest, and the colonial city of Antigua, known for its well-preserved architecture and vibrant markets. Lake Atitlán, surrounded by volcanoes and indigenous villages, offers opportunities for hiking, kayaking, and cultural immersion.

Antigua Guatemala • Chichicastenago • Guatemala City • Tikal National Park
Honduras: Honduras, located in the heart of Central America, is famed for its Caribbean beaches, diving spots, and archaeological sites. The Bay Islands, including Roatán, Utila, and Guanaja, are renowned for their coral reefs and clear waters, making them ideal for snorkeling and diving. Inland, the ancient Mayan ruins of Copán attract history enthusiasts, while the Pico Bonito National Park offers hiking and wildlife viewing in lush tropical rainforests.
Nicaragua: Nicaragua, known as the “Land of Lakes and Volcanoes,” is bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. Key destinations include the colonial cities of Granada and León, each with its own unique charm and historical significance. Lake Nicaragua, with the twin volcanic peaks of Ometepe Island, is a popular spot for nature lovers, while the Pacific coast offers excellent surfing at San Juan del Sur and Popoyo.
Panama: Panama, the southernmost country of Central America, is famous for its iconic Panama Canal, which connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The cosmopolitan capital, Panama City, offers a mix of modern skyscrapers and the historic Casco Viejo district. Travelers can explore the pristine beaches and coral reefs of the San Blas Islands, the cloud forests of Boquete, or embark on a wildlife adventure in the Darien National Park.

Bocas del Toro • Boquete • Panama City

Top Cities

Belize City: (Belize) The largest city in Belize, known for its historical sites, museums, and gateway to the Belize Barrier Reef.
San José: (Costa Rica) The bustling capital with cultural attractions like the National Theater and Pre-Columbian Gold Museum.
San Salvador: (El Salvador) The capital city featuring historical landmarks, markets, and nearby volcanoes.
Guatemala City: (Guatemala) The modern capital with diverse museums, historic zones, and a bustling urban vibe.
Antigua: (Guatemala) A UNESCO World Heritage Site with well-preserved Spanish Baroque-influenced architecture and vibrant markets.
Tegucigalpa: (Honduras) The capital city known for its colonial history, urban parks, and surrounding mountains.
Roatán: (Honduras) A Caribbean island city popular for its beaches, coral reefs, and diving spots.
Managua: (Nicaragua) The capital with historical sites, lakeside attractions, and a rich cultural scene.
Granada: (Nicaragua) A colonial city known for its colorful architecture, lakefront location, and historical landmarks.
Panama City: (Panama) The cosmopolitan capital featuring the Panama Canal, modern skyline, and historic Casco Viejo district.
David: (Panama) A gateway to outdoor activities in the Chiriquí Highlands, including coffee tours and volcano hikes.

Islands & Beaches

Ambergris Caye: (Belize) A popular island known for its beautiful beaches, marine life, and access to the Belize Barrier Reef.
Caye Caulker: (Belize) A laid-back island famous for its snorkeling, diving, and relaxed atmosphere.
Placencia: (Belize) A picturesque peninsula with sandy beaches, clear waters, and a charming village atmosphere.
Manuel Antonio Beach: (Costa Rica) Located within Manuel Antonio National Park, known for its white sand, turquoise waters, and abundant wildlife.
Tamarindo Beach: (Costa Rica) A well-known surf destination with lively nightlife and a wide beach.
Playa Conchal: (Costa Rica) A unique beach with crushed shell sand and crystal-clear waters.
El Tunco Beach: (El Salvador) A top surf spot with a relaxed vibe and beautiful sunsets.
Roatán: (Honduras) An island with stunning beaches, excellent diving spots, and vibrant coral reefs.
Utila: (Honduras) Known for its affordable diving and whale shark sightings.
West Bay Beach: (Honduras) Located on Roatán, famous for its clear waters and abundant marine life.
San Juan del Sur: (Nicaragua) A lively beach town known for its surfing, vibrant nightlife, and stunning bay.
Corn Islands: (Nicaragua) Two Caribbean islands with pristine beaches, clear waters, and a laid-back atmosphere.
Bocas del Toro: (Panama) An archipelago with beautiful beaches, clear waters, and a cool nightlife.
San Blas Islands: (Panama) A group of islands known for their white sandy beaches, turquoise waters, and indigenous Kuna culture.
Playa Venao: (Panama) A popular surf beach with a laid-back atmosphere and beautiful scenery.

National Parks

Bacalar Chico National Park and Marine Reserve: (Belize) Protects a significant portion of the Belize Barrier Reef and is home to diverse marine life.
Chiquibul National Park: (Belize) Known for its extensive cave systems, pristine rainforest, and ancient Mayan ruins.
Corcovado National Park: (Costa Rica) A biodiversity hotspot with rainforests, mangroves, and coastal habitats teeming with wildlife.
Manuel Antonio National Park: (Costa Rica) Famous for its beautiful beaches, lush rainforest, and diverse wildlife.
Tortuguero National Park: (Costa Rica) Known for its network of canals, nesting sea turtles, and rich wildlife.
Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve: (Costa Rica) Renowned for its cloud forest, diverse flora and fauna, and canopy tours.
Cerro Verde National Park: (El Salvador) Features three impressive volcanoes and lush cloud forests.
El Imposible National Park: (El Salvador) A biodiversity-rich park with tropical forests, rivers, and diverse wildlife.
Tikal National Park: (Guatemala) Home to the ancient Mayan city of Tikal, surrounded by dense rainforest.
Pacaya Volcano National Park: (Guatemala) Offers the chance to hike an active volcano and witness stunning views.
Cusuco National Park: (Honduras) Known for its cloud forests, diverse wildlife, and conservation efforts.
La Tigra National Park: (Honduras) A cloud forest park with rich biodiversity and numerous hiking trails.
Masaya Volcano National Park: (Nicaragua) Features an active volcano with a continually active crater.
Mombacho Volcano Natural Reserve: (Nicaragua) Offers cloud forest trails and views of the surrounding region from the volcano’s summit.
Coiba National Park: (Panama) A marine park with pristine coral reefs, diverse marine life, and uninhabited islands.
Soberanía National Park: (Panama) Known for its birdwatching opportunities and the famous Pipeline Road.

World Heritage

Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System: (Belize) The second largest coral reef system in the world, renowned for its marine biodiversity.
Antigua Guatemala: (Guatemala) A well-preserved colonial city with historic architecture and cobblestone streets.
Tikal National Park: (Guatemala) Ancient Mayan ruins set in a lush rainforest, featuring impressive pyramids and temples.
Copán Archaeological Site: (Honduras) A major Mayan city known for its intricately carved stelae and altars.
Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site: (El Salvador) A preserved pre-Hispanic farming village often referred to as the “Pompeii of the Americas.”
Ruins of León Viejo: (Nicaragua) One of the oldest Spanish colonial settlements in the Americas, offering insight into early colonial life.
City of Granada: (Nicaragua) A colonial city with historic churches and colorful architecture.
Cocos Island National Park: (Costa Rica) An isolated island with rich marine life, known for its shark populations and diving opportunities.
La Amistad International Park: (Costa Rica/Panama) A shared natural reserve with diverse ecosystems and endemic species.
Coiba National Park: (Panama) A marine reserve with vibrant coral reefs, diverse marine species, and protected forests.
Portobelo-San Lorenzo: (Panama) Historic fortifications from the Spanish colonial era, located on the Caribbean coast.
Panama Viejo and Casco Viejo: (Panama) The original site of Panama City and its historic district, showcasing colonial architecture and history.

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Things to Do

Cultural Experiences

Mayan Ruins of Tikal: (Guatemala) Explore the ancient city with its towering pyramids and rich history.
Carnival of Panama: (Panama) Experience one of the largest and most colorful celebrations in Central America.
Guelaguetza Festival: (Nicaragua) Celebrate traditional music, dance, and culture in the heart of León.
Semana Santa in Antigua: (Guatemala) Witness elaborate processions and religious ceremonies during Holy Week.
Garifuna Cultural Tour: (Belize) Learn about the Garifuna people’s unique music, dance, and traditions.

Natural Experiences

Belize Barrier Reef Snorkeling: (Belize) Dive into the world’s second-largest coral reef system to see vibrant marine life.
Corcovado National Park: (Costa Rica) Trek through one of the most biodiverse places on Earth, home to a vast array of wildlife.
Tortuguero National Park: (Costa Rica) Navigate through canals and spot nesting sea turtles on the Caribbean coast.
Cerro Verde National Park: (El Salvador) Hike around volcanoes and enjoy stunning views of the surrounding landscapes.
Lake Atitlán: (Guatemala) Experience the serene beauty of this volcanic lake surrounded by indigenous villages.

Urban Experiences

Panama Canal Tour: (Panama) Discover the engineering marvel of the Panama Canal and its impressive lock systems.
San José Museums: (Costa Rica) Visit the National Museum and the Gold Museum for insights into Costa Rican history and culture.
Historic Centre of Granada: (Nicaragua) Walk through the colorful colonial streets and visit historic churches.
Antigua Guatemala: (Guatemala) Wander the cobblestone streets of this UNESCO World Heritage city, rich in history and architecture.
Tegucigalpa’s National Gallery of Art: (Honduras) Explore Honduran art from colonial times to the present.

Unique Experiences

Great Blue Hole Dive: (Belize) Dive into this famous underwater sinkhole, renowned for its deep blue waters and marine life.
Monteverde Cloud Forest: (Costa Rica) Walk across hanging bridges and zip-line through the misty cloud forest.
Masaya Volcano Night Tour: (Nicaragua) Peer into the active crater of Masaya Volcano, glowing with molten lava.
Copán Ruins: (Honduras) Delve into the history of the ancient Mayan civilization at this archaeological site.
Bocas del Toro Island Hopping: (Panama) Explore the pristine beaches, vibrant coral reefs, and relaxed island vibe of this archipelago.