Bahrain travel guide & travel tips

Putting the Middle East firmly on the F1 map, Bahrain is one of the smaller but more determined of the Gulf States. Once considered an island paradise and the home of the gods, Bahrain is an archipelago in the Middle East consisting of 33 islands.

Introduction

Orientation

Where to Go

When to Go

Things to Do

Getting There

Getting Around

Where to Stay

Health & Safety

Living There

History & Culture

FAQ & Resources

What is it?: Bahrain is a small island nation in the Persian Gulf, known for its modern architecture, rich history, and vibrant culture, offering a unique blend of traditional Arabian culture and contemporary developments.

Affordability: Bahrain is relatively expensive compared to other destinations in the Gulf region, especially in terms of accommodation and dining. However, it offers more affordable options for food and transportation, making it accessible for travelers on different budgets.

Safety: Bahrain is very safe for tourists, with low crime rates and a peaceful environment. The country is known for its well-maintained public spaces and modern infrastructure, making it a comfortable destination for travelers.

Popularity: Bahrain is a popular destination for business travelers and those seeking cultural experiences. While not as heavily visited as some other Gulf states, it is gaining attention for its rich history, luxury experiences, and cosmopolitan atmosphere, especially in Manama.

Tourist Infrastructure: Excellent, with a well-developed public transport system, modern hotels, and a wide range of services catering to international tourists. Bahrain is easy to explore, with many attractions within reach in the capital, Manama, and surrounding areas.

Weather: Desert climate, with extremely hot summers (June–August) and mild winters (December–February). The best time to visit is from November to March, when temperatures are more pleasant and ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.

Best Time to Go: November–March for the best weather, perfect for exploring the cultural and historical sites, enjoying the beaches, and experiencing the annual Bahrain Grand Prix. The summer months can be unbearably hot, particularly for outdoor activities.

Known For: Manama, Bahrain International Circuit, the Qal’at al-Bahrain, Bahrain Fort, traditional markets (souks), Islamic heritage, luxury shopping, and a thriving expat community.

Top Destinations: Manama • Bahrain Fort • Qal’at al-Bahrain • Bahrain International Circuit • Al Fateh Grand Mosque • Bahrain National Museum • Amwaj Islands

Nature Buffs: Bahrain offers scenic coastal landscapes, beaches, and the Al Areen Wildlife Park, which are great for outdoor activities like hiking, birdwatching, and enjoying the Gulf’s serene waters.
History Buffs: Bahrain is rich in history, with sites like Bahrain Fort, the ancient Qal’at al-Bahrain, the Bahrain National Museum, and the Al Fateh Grand Mosque, reflecting its ancient and Islamic heritage.
Beach Bunnies: Bahrain offers beautiful beaches and resorts, particularly around Amwaj Islands, where visitors can enjoy sandy shores, watersports, and a laid-back coastal experience, though it’s not as famous as other Gulf beach destinations.
Digital Nomads: Manama offers reliable internet, modern amenities, and a growing expat community, making Bahrain an attractive destination for digital nomads. However, the cost of living is relatively high, especially in the capital.
Families: Bahrain is very family-friendly, with attractions like the Bahrain National Museum, Al Areen Wildlife Park, beaches, and shopping malls, making it an ideal destination for family vacations.

Introduction

Bahrain is a small island nation where modern skylines meet ancient traditions. Manama, the capital, blends high-rises with souks, mosques, and the lively Bab Al Bahrain market. The Bahrain Fort and ancient Dilmun burial mounds hint at the country’s long history, while the Tree of Life stands alone in the desert as a symbol of resilience. Oil wealth fuels sleek malls and Formula 1 races, but traditional culture lives on in pearl diving heritage and Arabian hospitality. With a mix of beaches, history, and urban energy, Bahrain offers a compact but layered Gulf experience.

Although terrorist threats have stripped off its mythical reputation, locals and visitors still find Bahrain a welcome respite from its staunch Islamic neighbors. Long stretches of beach and friendly locals contribute to Bahrain’s warm, welcoming appeal. But despite its Western ties and evolving culture, what draws visitors to Bahrain is its antiquity – the centuries-old Tree of Life, the world’s largest ancient necropolis, and a wealth of archaic buildings that attest to its rich and fascinating history.

Most visitors start in Manama, the capital, where gleaming skyscrapers sit next to traditional souks, mosques, and pearl merchant houses. The Bahrain National Museum offers a great overview of the country’s deep history, from ancient Dilmun civilization artifacts to Islamic art. The Al-Fateh Grand Mosque is open to non-Muslim visitors and gives insight into contemporary religious life. Beyond Manama, travelers explore the Bahrain Fort (a UNESCO site), visit camel farms, or head into the desert to see the Tree of Life, a lone tree thriving in the middle of nowhere.

Bahrain is moderately expensive, especially compared to its regional neighbors like Oman or Jordan. Hotels range from budget options and business hotels to luxury towers overlooking the water. Eating out is fairly priced, local spots serving grilled meats, shawarma, or machboos (spiced rice and meat) are easy to find, while international fare and high-end dining are concentrated in hotel restaurants and malls. Alcohol is legal and available in licensed venues, which makes Bahrain more relaxed than some of its Gulf neighbors.

Getting around is best done by taxi or ride-hailing apps, as public transportation is limited. There’s no metro, and buses are sparse outside of Manama. Renting a car is an option, but traffic in the capital can be frustrating. English is widely spoken and understood in most public spaces, especially in shops, hotels, and restaurants. Arabic is the official language. Bahrain is considered safe, with low violent crime and a high standard of living, though political protests do occasionally occur, usually peaceful but best avoided.

Capital: Manama
Population: ~1.7 million (Density: ~2,239 people per km², ~5,800 per mi²)
Area: 765 km² (295 mi²)
Official Language: Arabic
Common Languages: English (widely spoken in business and tourism), Urdu, Farsi
Currency: Bahraini Dinar (BHD)
Time Zone: UTC+3
Electricity: Plug Type G (230V, 50Hz)
Emergency Contacts: Police 999, Ambulance 999, Fire 999
Drives On: Right
Religions: Islam ~80% (Shia ~70%, Sunni ~30%), Christianity ~10%, Other beliefs ~10%
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Map Links: Google Maps | Apple Maps
Coordinates (for GPS): 26.0667, 50.5577

Why Go to Bahrain?

Manama’s Cultural Blend: Explore Manama’s souks, modern skyline, and key landmarks like the Al-Fateh Grand Mosque and National Museum.
Bahrain Fort & Ancient Dilmun Sites: Visit the UNESCO-listed Bahrain Fort and nearby archaeological mounds tracing back to the Dilmun civilization.
Pearl Diving Heritage & Coastline: Learn about Bahrain’s history as a pearl trading hub, or take a boat trip along the coast.
Tree of Life & Desert Mystique: See the Tree of Life, an ancient tree growing in the desert without a visible water source, a symbol of mystery and endurance.
Bahraini Cuisine & Gulf Flavors: Try dishes like machboos, grilled lamb, and fresh seafood, along with sweet halwa and spiced tea.
Shopping & Souks: Wander the Manama Souq for gold, perfumes, spices, and textiles, or browse upscale malls like The Avenues and City Centre Bahrain.
Modern Gulf Lifestyle with a Softer Edge: Experience the Gulf urban lifestyle, with fewer restrictions than neighboring countries, making it more relaxed for visitors.

What’s Cool

Blend of modern and traditional Gulf culture, ancient sites like Qal’at al-Bahrain and Barbar Temple, lively souks and shopping malls, vibrant food scene with Bahraini and international cuisine, friendly locals, easygoing compared to some neighbors, Formula 1 Grand Prix, great museums like Bahrain National Museum, beautiful island beaches, pearl diving heritage, walkable areas in Manama, Islamic architecture, growing arts and café culture, cosmopolitan vibe with diverse expat communities.

What’s Not

Hot and humid summers, limited public transport, conservative social norms in rural areas, occasional political tensions and protests, expensive accommodation during major events, limited green space, heavy traffic in Manama, high cost of imported goods, slow service in some areas, strict alcohol laws outside licensed venues, patchy pedestrian infrastructure, few activities outside the capital, unpredictable driving habits, language barrier for non-Arabic speakers.

Orientation

Bahrain is an island nation located in the Persian Gulf, just off the coast of Saudi Arabia to the west and connected to it by the King Fahd Causeway. It is also near Qatar to the southeast. The capital, Manama, is a modern city with high-rise buildings, vibrant markets, and a mix of Arab, Persian, and Western influences. Bahrain is known for its oil wealth, historical sites, and modern infrastructure, and serves as a financial and cultural hub in the Gulf region.

Bahrain consists of a small archipelago of 33 islands, with the main island, Bahrain Island, being the largest and most populated. The country’s terrain is mostly flat and arid, with sandy shores, salt flats, and a few low hills. The Bahrain Bay and Muharraq Island are key areas for development, while the Hawar Islands to the south are known for birdwatching and marine life. Bahrain has a hot desert climate, with extremely hot summers and mild winters, and it receives very little rainfall. The country’s coastal location makes it vulnerable to rising sea levels.

Tourism in Bahrain focuses on its cultural heritage, modern architecture, luxury shopping, and desert experiences.

Most international visitors arrive at Bahrain International Airport in Manama, which has direct flights to major cities in the Middle East, Asia, and Europe. Bahrain is well-connected to the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states by road, with easy access from Saudi Arabia via the King Fahd Causeway. The country also has ferry services to nearby areas. Bahrain’s small size makes it convenient to travel by taxi or rental car to major attractions.

Manama and Northern Bahrain

The commercial and cultural heart of Bahrain, known for modern landmarks, historical sites, and shopping districts.

Manama: The capital city, featuring the Bahrain National Museum, Al-Fateh Grand Mosque, Bab Al-Bahrain Souq, and the Bahrain World Trade Center.
Muharraq: The second-largest city, known for its traditional houses, historic sites, and the Pearling Path (UNESCO-listed).
Amwaj Islands: A group of man-made islands offering luxury resorts, villas, and waterfront dining.
Sitra: A town known for its port activity, seafood markets, and the Sitra Mall**.
Bahrain Fort (Qal’at al-Bahrain): A UNESCO site, a strategic fortification with excavated ruins from the Dilmun Civilization.

Southern Bahrain

A quieter, more rural part of the country, featuring natural reserves, coastal beauty, and small towns.

Riffa: A residential town with the Riffa Fort, traditional souqs, and scenic viewpoints.
Zallaq: Known for its luxury resorts and beaches, including the Bahrain International Circuit for Formula 1 racing.
A’ali: Famous for its ancient burial mounds and pottery workshops.
Busaiteen: A coastal area offering traditional pearl diving heritage and views of the Gulf.
Al Jasra: A small village known for its crafts and traditional wooden houses.

The Hawar Islands and Western Bahrain

A small collection of islands known for nature reserves, wildlife, and marine tourism.

Hawar Islands: A cluster of islands offering birdwatching, diving, and luxury resorts.
Karranah: A quiet village near the Hawar Islands, with a traditional way of life.
Durrat Al Bahrain: A luxury residential and resort development, featuring artificial islands and high-end marina facilities.
Al Areen Wildlife Park: A nature park on the way to Hawar, home to native flora and fauna and wildlife watching tours.

Eastern Bahrain

A region with coastal landscapes, history, and quiet, scenic villages.

Malkiya: A peaceful town with beaches and old houses, perfect for exploring traditional life.
Jidhafs: A suburban area of Manama, known for its local markets and modern developments.
Sanad: A coastal town with green parks, beaches, and an important historical role in Bahrain’s development.
Hidd: A small peninsula with beaches, parks, and casual dining options.
Isa Town: Known for the Bahrain National Stadium and souqs.

Where to Go

Start in Manama, the capital and cultural hub. The Bahrain National Museum is a great place to begin, it covers everything from Dilmun-era artifacts to Islamic calligraphy and modern life. The Manama Souq is still buzzing with spice merchants, tailors, and gold traders, while nearby, the Bab Al Bahrain (Gateway of Bahrain) marks the entrance to the old town. For something more modern, head to The Avenues along the waterfront or check out the skyscrapers in the Financial Harbour.

A short drive away is Muharraq, the former capital and center of Bahrain’s pearl diving legacy. The Pearling Path, a UNESCO World Heritage site, traces the island’s pearling economy through traditional homes, dhow yards, and restored merchant houses. Don’t miss the Shaikh Isa Bin Ali House, a fine example of traditional Gulf architecture.

In the center of the island, Qal’at al-Bahrain (Bahrain Fort) is another UNESCO site, built atop the ancient Dilmun capital. Walk among the ruins and explore the nearby museum to learn how this spot was once a key trade center between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley.

For a totally different vibe, head south to the Tree of Life, a lone mesquite tree that somehow survives in the barren desert with no obvious water source. No one’s quite sure how it does it, it’s a bit of a mystery, and that’s part of the draw.

The Bahrain International Circuit in Sakhir hosts the Formula 1 Bahrain Grand Prix and offers track tours and driving experiences year-round. Even if you’re not a racing fan, the facility is impressive and a good excuse to see another side of the country.

Bahrain also has beaches. While most are private or attached to hotels, Al Jazayer Beach and Marassi Beach are public spots where you can relax or take a dip in the calm Gulf waters.

Highlights

Manama – The capital, with modern malls, traditional souqs, museums, and lively dining scenes.
Qal’at al-Bahrain – A UNESCO-listed fort and ancient city mound, rich in archaeological history.
Pearling Path, Muharraq – A UNESCO World Heritage route through Bahrain’s pearling legacy.
Tree of Life – A solitary tree surviving in the desert, centuries old and still standing.
Bahrain National Museum – A top-tier museum covering millennia of Bahraini history and culture.

Top Cities & Towns

Manama – A mix of old and new, from souqs and mosques to glass towers and malls.
Muharraq – The island’s cultural heart, home to restored historic homes and pearling heritage.
Riffa – A quieter residential area with traditional markets and the Riffa Fort.
Isa Town – Known for its market and multicultural population.
Sitra – A small island town known for fishing, gardens, and old neighborhoods.

Nature & Outdoor Adventure

Tree of Life – A natural oddity in the desert, alone and resilient.
Al Areen Wildlife Park – A zoo and nature reserve with Arabian oryx, ostriches, and gazelles.
Amwaj Islands – Man-made islands with water sports, beaches, and cafes.
Jasra Beach – A peaceful public beach near traditional villages.
Hawar Islands – A group of remote islands with birdlife and boat excursions (permit required).

Historical & Cultural Sites

Qal’at al-Bahrain – Fortress ruins atop one of the oldest known settlements in the Gulf.
Pearling Path – A series of historic homes and buildings telling the story of Bahrain’s pearl trade.
Bahrain National Museum – Artifacts from the Dilmun civilization to contemporary life.
Shaikh Isa Bin Ali House – A restored example of traditional Bahraini architecture in Muharraq.
Al Khamis Mosque – One of the oldest mosques in the region, dating back to the 7th century.

Unique Experiences

Explore Manama Souq – Navigate narrow lanes filled with spices, perfumes, and gold.
Watch the sunset from Bahrain Fort – Climb the walls for desert and sea views.
Visit the F1 track – Go behind the scenes or test your own driving skills at Bahrain International Circuit.
Pearl diving tours – Try your hand at traditional pearl diving with a local guide.
Sail around Amwaj or Muharraq – Rent a dhow or boat to see Bahrain from the water.

When to Go

Whenever you choose to visit you are going to bake! Bahrain is mostly arid, with very hot and humid summers and relatively mild winters. Sandstorms are common in the summer. Temperatures can reach 45 ºC from April to November, but are mitigated by occasional northerly winds. The best time to visit is October to March; November and April are hot, but bearable.

Bahrain has an arid desert climate, with extremely hot, humid summers (June–September) and mild, dry winters (December–February). Rain is minimal and falls mostly in winter. Spring and autumn are short but pleasant, making them ideal for travel. The best time to visit is November to March, when temperatures are comfortable and outdoor activities are more enjoyable.

High Season: November–March
Shoulder Season: April, October
Low Season: May–September

High Season: From November to March, Bahrain experiences its most pleasant weather, with daytime temperatures ranging from 18–25°C (64–77°F). This is the best time for walking tours in Manama, exploring ancient sites like Qal’at al-Bahrain, and attending major events such as the Bahrain Grand Prix (usually in March). Outdoor cafes, beach resorts, and cultural venues are in full swing. Expect more tourists and higher prices, particularly during holiday periods and Formula 1 weekend.

Shoulder Season: April and October are transitional months. April sees rising temperatures, especially in the afternoons, but it’s still manageable for sightseeing. October marks the return of tolerable weather after the extreme heat, with warm evenings and fewer crowds. These months offer a decent compromise, slightly lower prices and reduced crowds compared to high season, but still comfortable enough to enjoy the island.

Low Season: From May to September, Bahrain faces intense heat, with daytime highs often exceeding 40°C (104°F) and high humidity, especially in July and August. Outdoor activities become difficult, and much of daily life shifts indoors. While this is the cheapest time to visit and major attractions remain open, most people avoid traveling during this season unless they’re attending business events or passing through. If you do visit, stick to air-conditioned museums, shopping malls, and restaurants, and avoid extended time outside during the day.

Bahrain Month by Month

January: Mild, dry, low season. 60–70°F (16–21°C). Pleasant for walking tours, desert trips, and exploring Manama.

February: Cool, dry, winter continues. 62–72°F (17–22°C). Ideal for outdoor markets and coastal visits.

March: Warm, dry, early spring. 68–80°F (20–27°C). A great time for sightseeing and water activities.

April: Hot, dry, spring ends. 75–88°F (24–31°C). Rising heat, but good for early morning excursions.

May: Very hot, dry, shoulder season. 85–100°F (29–38°C). Outdoor travel becomes limited to early hours.

June: Scorching, humid, low season. 95–105°F (35–40°C). Indoor attractions like museums and malls preferred.

July: Extremely hot, humid. 97–107°F (36–42°C). Travel uncomfortable; minimal outdoor activity.

August: Very hot, oppressive humidity. 97–107°F (36–42°C). Coastal breezes offer some relief, but heat remains intense.

September: Hot, slowly cooling. 90–100°F (32–38°C). Evenings become bearable; outdoor activity resumes slowly.

October: Warm, dry, autumn ideal. 80–93°F (27–34°C). Great for beach visits and city tours.

November: Mild, pleasant, peak season. 70–85°F (21–29°C). Best time for cultural festivals and desert trips.

December: Cool, dry, festive. 62–75°F (17–24°C). Christmas events and mild weather draw more visitors.

Festivals & Events

Bahrain Grand Prix: (March/April) – Formula 1 race at the Bahrain International Circuit, drawing global attention.

Bahrain Food Festival: (February–March) – A celebration of local and international cuisine, held outdoors.

Spring of Culture: (March–April) – A major arts festival with performances, concerts, and exhibitions.

Eid al-Fitr & Eid al-Adha: (Dates vary) – Islamic holidays marked by family gatherings and public celebrations.

National Day: (December 16–17) – Fireworks, parades, and cultural events commemorating Bahrain’s independence.

New Year’s Eve: (December 31) – Fireworks and celebrations in Manama and around the bay.

Things to Do

The capital, Manama, is a dynamic city where sleek skyscrapers rise alongside traditional souks. Visitors can explore the historic Bahrain Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage site that offers a glimpse into the country’s ancient Dilmun civilization, or wander through the Manama Souq, where spices, textiles, and gold are sold in a bustling, colorful atmosphere. The National Museum of Bahrain showcases the country’s heritage, with exhibits that span ancient civilizations to contemporary culture.

Beyond the capital, Bahrain offers natural beauty and cultural experiences. The Al Areen Wildlife Park is home to desert wildlife like oryx and gazelles, while the Tree of Life, a solitary mesquite tree growing in the middle of the desert, remains a mysterious natural wonder. Muharraq is a charming town with historical significance, featuring the restored houses of pearl merchants and the Pearling Trail, which traces the island’s long history as a pearl diving hub. The island’s coastline also offers beautiful beaches and opportunities for water sports like sailing, diving, and snorkeling.

Don’t Miss Activities

Explore the Bahrain Fort (Qal’at al-Bahrain): A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this ancient fort overlooks the sea and features layers of history from the Dilmun civilization to the Portuguese.

Visit the Bahrain National Museum: Gain insight into Bahraini history, archaeology, and culture in this well-curated and modern museum in Manama.

Walk Through Muharraq’s Old Town and Pearling Path: Discover restored merchant houses, narrow alleyways, and cultural landmarks from Bahrain’s pearling era , also UNESCO-listed.

Watch the Sunset at the Tree of Life: This mysterious lone tree stands in the desert with no visible water source. A symbol of endurance and a popular photo spot.

Tour the Al-Fateh Grand Mosque: One of the largest mosques in the world open to non-Muslims, it offers guided tours, cultural explanations, and elegant Islamic architecture.

Relax at Al Dar or Jarada Island: These beach getaways are a short boat ride from Manama, offering clear water, swimming, and local seafood.

Experience Formula 1 at Bahrain International Circuit: Home to the Bahrain Grand Prix, the track also offers karting and driving experiences year-round.

Land Activities

Motorcycle Touring: Though small in size, Bahrain’s open desert roads and coastal highways are popular with local bikers, especially on weekends.

Wildlife Safari / Bird Watching: Al Areen Wildlife Park offers a zoo-style experience. Migratory birds visit coastal areas, but birdwatching is limited.

Hiking & Trekking: Limited due to terrain and heat. Some desert walks and coastal trails are possible in winter months.

Bicycle Touring: Best attempted in cooler seasons. A growing number of cycle tracks exist, including a dedicated loop at Bahrain International Circuit.

Caving / Spelunking: Bahrain has no natural caves or caving activity.

Rock Climbing: No climbing opportunities due to lack of natural rock formations.

Water Activities

Scuba Diving: Dive artificial reefs, shipwrecks, and oyster beds in the Gulf. Pearl diving tours are also available , a nod to Bahrain’s heritage.

Snorkeling: Calm Gulf waters allow for beginner snorkeling. Some visibility issues, but decent sites near reef structures and manmade habitats.

Fishing: Local charters offer boat fishing in the Gulf. Shore fishing is common among locals.

Kayaking / Canoeing: Mangrove tours near Hidd and coastal paddling near manmade islands like Amwaj are available. Best in calm weather.

Wind Surfing: Practiced in areas like Zallaq and Amwaj, but niche and seasonal.

White Water Rafting: No rivers or rapids in Bahrain.

Surfing: No surfable waves.

Leisure & Lifestyle

Spa Treatments: High-end spas and wellness centers available in luxury hotels and resorts. Hammams and aromatherapy are common.

Shopping: Manama has modern malls like The Avenues and City Centre Bahrain, alongside traditional souqs like Bab Al Bahrain for spices, textiles, and gold.

Weddings / Honeymoons: Beach resorts and desert venues make Bahrain an upscale yet lesser-known destination for private weddings and romantic escapes.

Nightlife & Partying: Alcohol is legal and served in bars, clubs, and hotels. Options are modest but vibrant compared to neighboring countries.

Cooking Classes: Available through cultural centers or luxury hotels. Learn dishes like machboos, sambusa, and Bahraini sweets.

Wellness, Spas & Yoga: Yoga studios and wellness centers are available in urban areas, with boutique retreats growing in popularity.

Golfing: The Royal Golf Club offers an 18-hole course near Riffa. Limited to one major facility, but well maintained.

Winter Activities

Skiing / Snowboarding: No snow, mountains, or ski resorts.

Cultural Experiences

Tour Bahrain Fort and Burial Mounds: Explore ancient ruins from the Dilmun period and thousands of burial mounds scattered across northern Bahrain , some dating back 4,000 years.

Visit Islamic Sites and Mosques: The Al-Fateh Grand Mosque and Khamis Mosque reflect Islamic architecture and religious tradition, both open to visitors.

Explore Traditional Markets and Souqs: Bab Al Bahrain Souq in Manama sells spices, textiles, oud, and jewelry , a lively mix of old and new.

Join a Cultural Workshop or Festival: Events like the Spring of Culture Festival and heritage weeks offer music, crafts, and performances celebrating Bahraini identity.

Experience a Pearl Diving Demonstration: Join a guided pearl diving trip , Bahrain was once the Gulf’s pearling center, and this tradition is being revived.

Visit the Bahrain National Museum and Beit Al Qur’an: Explore everything from ancient artifacts and Islamic calligraphy to contemporary art and maritime history.

Discover Muharraq’s Pearling Path: A restored historic district and UNESCO site, home to beautifully preserved merchant houses and museums.

Unique

Swim or Picnic at Jarada Island: A sandbank island that appears at low tide and disappears later , a rare and beautiful phenomenon near Muharraq.

See the Tree of Life in the Desert: A lone mesquite tree surviving in the dry desert without visible water , a natural mystery and national symbol.

Attend the Bahrain Grand Prix: Held at Bahrain International Circuit, this major Formula 1 event brings international energy and excitement each spring.

Explore Manama’s Art Galleries and Street Art: Contemporary galleries and public murals reflect Bahrain’s growing modern art scene, especially in Adliya.

Take a Dhow Cruise at Sunset: Enjoy coastal views aboard a traditional wooden boat , popular for romantic evenings and cultural ambiance.

Stay in a Desert Camp: Overnight in luxury tents with local food and stargazing , a way to experience Bahrain’s desert in cooler months.

Courses & Learning

Pearl Diving Workshops: Learn about Bahrain’s pearling legacy through guided dives or heritage sessions explaining tools, history, and techniques.

Arabic Calligraphy or Cultural Classes: Available through museums and cultural centers, especially in Muharraq and Manama.

Cooking Classes: Learn to prepare dishes like machboos, harees, and sweet halwa in hotel kitchens or culinary programs.

Photography Walks and Workshops: Capture Bahrain’s forts, markets, and desert landscapes on guided photo tours , especially during golden hour.

Traditional Weaving and Craft Demonstrations: Observe or try your hand at Sadu weaving, pottery, and basketry through local women’s collectives and heritage centers.

Getting There

Bahrain has one international airport, located just outside Manama. There are no train services; local land travel is provided by a regular bus service connecting Dahran and central Manama. You can drive to Saudi Arabia via paved causeways. Gas is cheap, taxis are widely available, but drivers tend to overcharge foreigners. You’ll need skill to to negotiate with the driver and insist on a metered fare.

Bahrain is easily accessible by air, but as a small island, there are no overland or sea routes available for entry. The capital, Manama, is the main point of entry, and the country is well-connected by air to major cities in the Middle East, Asia, and Europe.

Most travelers fly into Bahrain International Airport (BAH), which is the only airport in the country, and it’s conveniently located about 7 kilometers northeast of Manama. Overland travel is not an option for entering Bahrain due to its island nature.

Entry Requirements for Bahrain

Passport Validity: Your passport must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry into Bahrain.

Visa Requirements:

Visa on Arrival: U.S. citizens can obtain a visa upon arrival at Bahrain International Airport for tourism or business purposes. The visa is typically valid for a stay of up to 14 days. The visa fee is 5 Bahraini Dinars (approximately $13).
eVisa: Alternatively, U.S. citizens can apply for an electronic visa (eVisa) before traveling. The eVisa is valid for a single entry with a stay of up to 14 days. The processing fee is 24 Bahraini Dinars (approximately $64), plus a service fee of 60 Bahraini Dinars (approximately $160), totaling 84 Bahraini Dinars (approximately $224).

Application Process for eVisa:

Online Application: Complete the application form on the official Bahrain eVisa portal.
Document Submission: Provide a clear scan of your passport’s information page, a recent passport-sized photograph, and other required documents as specified in the application.
Fee Payment: Pay the visa fee securely online using a credit or debit card. 4. Processing Time: Most applications are approved within 5 business days. It’s advisable to apply at least one week before your intended travel date.
Additional Requirements:
Onward Travel: Travelers must hold a return or onward ticket.
Accommodation Details: Provide proof of accommodation, such as a hotel reservation or an invitation letter from a host in Bahrain.
Sufficient Funds: Demonstrate sufficient funds to cover your stay in Bahrain. This may include recent bank statements showing a balance of at least $1,000.
Health and Vaccination Requirements:
Vaccinations: No specific vaccinations are required for entry into Bahrain. However, travelers should ensure they are up to date with routine immunizations.

Customs Regulations:

Currency Restrictions for Entry: Travelers are allowed to bring up to $10,000 USD into Bahrain without declaration.

Additional Tips:

Travel Insurance: It’s recommended to have travel insurance covering medical expenses and unforeseen changes.
Stay Informed: Entry requirements may change. It’s advisable to check the latest information from official sources or contact the nearest Bahraini embassy or consulate before departure.

By Air

Bahrain International Airport (BAH) is the main international gateway, handling flights from Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and other parts of the world.

Bahrain International Airport (BAH) – Manama (Main international hub)

Direct flights from several global locations:

Dubai (DXB) → Bahrain (BAH) (Gulf Air, Emirates)
London (LHR) → Bahrain (BAH) (British Airways, Gulf Air)
Istanbul (IST) → Bahrain (BAH) (Turkish Airlines)
Delhi (DEL) → Bahrain (BAH) (Air India, Gulf Air)

The airport is well connected to other cities in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and Middle East hubs like Dubai, Doha, and Abu Dhabi. It also serves flights from Europe and Asia.

To & From Saudi Arabia

Bahrain shares a land border with Saudi Arabia, connected by the King Fahd Causeway, a bridge over the sea, which allows road traffic between the two countries.

Manama → Khobar (Saudi Arabia) (Car, 1 hour)
Manama → Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) (Car, 4-5 hours)

Traveling by car is the most common way to move between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. The King Fahd Causeway is open to travelers with proper visas and documentation, including those traveling by private car or bus. Shared taxis and minibuses also operate between Manama and Saudi Arabia.

Getting Around

Bahrain has a modern infrastructure that makes getting around easy and efficient. Taxis, ride-sharing services, and public transport are widely available in cities like Manama, the capital. While the country is small, car rentals provide the flexibility to explore the island, and ferries offer a scenic way to travel between Bahrain and nearby locations.

Train

Bahrain does not have a train network. The country’s transportation is primarily reliant on cars, buses, and ferries for getting around. For intercity travel or regional access, other options like ride-sharing services or buses are more common.

Bus

Buses are an affordable and relatively easy way to get around in Bahrain. Bahrain Public Transport Company operates buses throughout the island, and they serve as a common means of transport for locals.

Manama to Isa Town (30 minutes): A bus route connecting the capital with Isa Town, known for its malls and educational institutions.
Manama to Budaiya (25 minutes): A bus route heading west to Budaiya, a residential area near the coast.

Buses in Bahrain are frequent but can be crowded during peak hours. The bus service provides a budget-friendly option, but taxis or ride-sharing services are more popular for tourists.

Car Rental

Renting a car is a great option for exploring Bahrain at your own pace, especially if you plan on visiting Manama’s outskirts, historic sites, or the desert. The road system is well-maintained, and driving is straightforward.

Renting a car in Manama gives you access to popular sites like Bahrain Fort, Qal’at al-Bahrain, and the Royal Camel Farm.
Driving to the Bahrain International Circuit: Rent a car for an easy drive to Sakhir if you’re heading to the Formula 1 Grand Prix or desert events.

Car rentals provide freedom to explore Bahrain’s rural areas and coastal attractions, but traffic congestion in Manama and parking issues in busy areas like Seef and Adliya can be challenging.

Ride-sharing services like Uber and Careem are popular in Bahrain. They are affordable, convenient, and easy to use, especially for tourists who don’t want to deal with language barriers or haggling with traditional taxis.

Uber and Careem operate widely in Manama and can be booked through their apps.
Ride-sharing is generally cheaper than taxis and can be a faster alternative, especially when navigating through Manama’s traffic.

For short trips, ride-sharing services are more reliable and cost-effective than traditional taxis.

Ferries & Boats

Bahrain has a number of ferry routes that operate between the island and nearby locations like Saudi Arabia. The ferries are primarily used for international travel and tourism.

Bahrain to Dammam (Saudi Arabia): A ferry route that operates between Bahrain and Dammam, a major city in Saudi Arabia.
Bahrain to Al Khobar (Saudi Arabia): Another popular ferry route connecting Bahrain to Al Khobar, providing access to the Eastern Province in Saudi Arabia.

Ferries are frequent but mainly for cross-border travel rather than domestic use within Bahrain itself.

Air

Bahrain’s international airport, Bahrain International Airport (BAH), is the main hub for international flights. Domestic air travel is not common within Bahrain, but the airport connects to regional destinations.

Manama to Dubai (1 hour): A quick flight between Bahrain and the UAE.
Manama to Riyadh (1 hour): A frequent flight to the Saudi Arabian capital.

For domestic travel, flights are unnecessary, as the country is small, and other transport methods are more practical.

Taxis

Taxis are available throughout Bahrain, especially in Manama and at major tourist spots. Most taxis are metered, but it’s best to agree on a price before setting off, particularly if you’re traveling outside the capital.

Taxis in Manama are easy to find, with stands near shopping malls and hotels.
Taxis to the airport can be expensive, so it’s often better to use ride-sharing apps.

Taxis are a reliable option for getting around, but they can be more expensive than using ride-sharing services.

Public Transport in Cities

Bahrain’s public transport system is basic but functional, primarily consisting of buses. The buses are operated by the Bahrain Public Transport Company and are best for local travel within Manama.

Manama Metro: There is no metro in Bahrain, but buses serve most of the city’s major areas.
Bus routes: Buses run regularly within Manama and the Muharraq area.

Public transport is affordable but limited, and using a taxi or ride-sharing service is generally more practical for tourists.

Where to Stay

Most travelers to Bahrain will likely be interested in staying in budget-friendly hotels, guesthouses, and mid-range hotels, with prices typically ranging from BHD 10–30 ($26–$80) per night for basic rooms or dormitory beds. In Manama, the capital, you’ll find a variety of affordable accommodations offering good access to Bahrain’s major attractions, shopping areas, and business districts. Mid-range hotels generally cost between BHD 30–80 ($80–$210) per night, offering modern amenities like private bathrooms, Wi-Fi, and breakfast.

For those seeking more luxurious stays, Bahrain offers upscale hotels and resorts, particularly in Manama and along the coastline, with prices starting around BHD 80 ($210) per night and increasing for premium locations and exclusive services.

Budget Travelers: Dormitory beds in hostels and basic guesthouses typically cost between BHD 10–25 ($26–$65) per night for dormitory beds or simple private rooms. Budget hotels and Airbnb rentals in cities like Manama and Muharraq typically range from BHD 25–45 ($65–$120) per night. In less touristy areas, you can find cheaper options.

Mid-Range: A comfortable three-star hotel or boutique guesthouse typically costs between BHD 30–80 ($80–$210) per night. These accommodations offer modern amenities such as free Wi-Fi, private bathrooms, and breakfast included. Many mid-range accommodations are located near popular attractions like the Bahrain National Museum, the Bahrain World Trade Center, or the Al Fateh Grand Mosque.

Upscale: Luxury accommodations in Bahrain start at BHD 80 ($210) per night, with five-star resorts, boutique hotels, and private villas exceeding BHD 150 ($400) per night. These properties offer premium services such as private spas, wellness treatments, fine dining, and panoramic views of the Persian Gulf, particularly along the coast in areas like Manama, Amwaj Islands, or Bahrain Bay.

Hotels

Hotels in Bahrain are abundant, particularly in Manama. You can choose from modern international chains like the Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, and InterContinental or opt for boutique properties with a more local flair. Hotels along the coastline often offer stunning views of the Arabian Gulf and easy access to popular attractions like the Bahrain International Circuit. In more residential areas, you’ll find affordable options that are still well-maintained and conveniently located.

Hostels

Hostels are not as common in Bahrain, but there are a few budget-friendly options for solo travelers. Prices for dormitory beds generally range from BHD 10–25 ($26–$65) per night. Many of these hostels are located in Manama and provide basic amenities such as free Wi-Fi, communal kitchens, and social areas. Private rooms are also available for a slightly higher price. Guesthouses often serve as a good alternative for budget-conscious travelers looking for more personal experiences.

Backpacker

Backpacking in Bahrain is not very common, as the country is relatively small, and most visitors stay in Manama for sightseeing. Dormitory beds and budget guesthouses are available for BHD 10–30 ($26–$80) per night, especially in Manama. Bahrain’s public transport system, combined with taxis, makes getting around the city and visiting sites like the Bahrain Fort, Pearl Museum, and the souks very easy.

Flashpacker

Flashpackers will find stylish boutique hotels and serviced apartments for BHD 30–80 ($80–$210) per night. These accommodations offer modern amenities such as high-speed internet, private bathrooms, and air conditioning. In Manama, flashpackers can stay in trendy properties located near cultural spots, cafes, and shopping districts, while in quieter areas like the Amwaj Islands, boutique stays offer a more relaxed atmosphere with beachfront views.

Homestays

Homestays in Bahrain are not as common as in other countries, but some local families in areas like Muharraq may offer rooms or apartments for short stays. Prices for homestays generally range from BHD 20–50 ($53–$130) per night, often including meals. Staying with a local family provides an intimate experience of Bahraini culture and cuisine. Booking a homestay may require connections or local knowledge, so it’s best to inquire with local tour agencies or expats in the area.

Camping

Camping in Bahrain is limited, and wild camping is not widely practiced due to urbanization. However, some resorts and hotels on the outskirts of the city may offer glamping-style stays with tents, air conditioning, and private bathrooms. For a true outdoor experience, you can camp at the beach in designated areas for BHD 10–30 ($26–$80) per night, typically during cooler months.

Unique Stays

Bahrain offers a handful of unique stays, from luxury resorts to high-end floating hotels in the Bahrain Bay area. You can experience stays in eco-friendly beach resorts, yacht hotels, or ultra-modern properties on Amwaj Islands. The country also offers villas and private estates for visitors seeking ultimate comfort. Prices for unique stays start at BHD 50 ($130) for basic boutique stays and can reach BHD 200+ ($530) per night for premium resorts with full-service experiences, private pools, and butler services.

Health & Safety

Bahrain is a safe destination with low crime rates, modern infrastructure, and high levels of public safety. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag snatching, is rare but can occasionally occur in busy areas like Manama’s souks, malls, or public transport. Violent crime is uncommon, and the country is considered safe for tourists, though travelers should still exercise basic precautions, especially in crowded areas or unfamiliar places at night.

Health risks in Bahrain are minimal, with high sanitation standards and excellent healthcare facilities. Tap water is safe to drink in most areas, but some travelers may prefer bottled water for peace of mind. Food hygiene is excellent, and foodborne illnesses are rare. Bahrain’s healthcare system is world-class, with modern hospitals and clinics available throughout the country. However, for specialized care, travelers may need to go abroad, so travel insurance with medical evacuation coverage is recommended.

The only significant health risk is Hepatitis B, which is endemic in the region. Hospitals are well-equipped, and emergency medical service is offered for a small fee. Terrorist threat is high, and there have been indiscriminate attacks on Western nationals. Take extra care in public places and at night, and if possible, leave your valuables (credit cards, passports) in secure places.

Scams & Petty Crime: Petty crime is infrequent but can occur in tourist-heavy areas, such as markets or malls in Manama. Pickpocketing and bag snatching are the most common issues, particularly in crowded places. It’s advisable to secure valuables and be cautious of overly friendly individuals. Taxi scams are also possible, so it’s best to use reputable services or ride-hailing apps.

Political Unrest: Bahrain is politically stable, but there are occasional protests and demonstrations, usually related to political and social issues. These protests are often small and can be peaceful, but travelers should avoid large gatherings to avoid disruptions. The country has a strong security presence, and large-scale unrest is rare.

Diseases: Bahrain has a low risk of disease, with foodborne illnesses being the most common risk. Tap water is generally safe to drink, but travelers should always check locally if unsure. Mosquito-borne diseases are rare, but travelers should use insect repellent if spending time outdoors in humid areas. It’s advisable to get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B, typhoid, and other common travel diseases before visiting.

Health Facilities: Bahrain offers excellent healthcare services, with world-class hospitals and clinics in Manama and other major cities. Emergency services are well-organized, and English is widely spoken in healthcare settings. It’s advisable for travelers to have comprehensive medical insurance that covers potential emergencies, though most medical facilities are private and modern.

Road Conditions: Roads in Bahrain are well-maintained, and driving is generally safe. Traffic congestion can occur during peak hours, particularly in Manama. However, the country has a well-organized traffic system, and driving standards are high. Public transportation is limited, but taxis and ride-hailing services are available.

Food & Water: Tap water is safe to drink in most urban areas, but some travelers prefer bottled water. Food hygiene is excellent in reputable restaurants and hotels, but travelers should avoid street food or food from less-regulated establishments. Freshly prepared food in well-reviewed places is generally safe to eat.

Nature’s Fury: Bahrain is not prone to major natural disasters, though it can experience occasional sandstorms, particularly in the spring and summer. The country also experiences extreme heat during the summer months, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F). Travelers should stay hydrated, use sunscreen, and avoid being outdoors during the hottest hours.

Living There

Bahrain has become an increasingly attractive destination for digital nomads due to its modern infrastructure, high quality of life, and strong economic presence in the region. Known for its cosmopolitan environment, luxurious lifestyle, and affordable living compared to its Gulf neighbors, Bahrain offers a unique mix of urban amenities and traditional culture. The capital city, Manama, provides a wealth of coworking spaces, a growing entrepreneurial scene, and a friendly atmosphere for remote workers.

Though Bahrain is relatively small, it offers digital nomads good internet infrastructure, excellent transport links, and access to both modern conveniences and natural beauty. Whether you’re working from Manama’s vibrant city life or looking to unwind by exploring the island’s historical sites, Bahrain is a great destination for those seeking a blend of work and leisure.

Manama: The capital city, offering modern amenities, coworking spaces, a dynamic business environment, and a vibrant social scene.
Muharraq: A quieter alternative to Manama with affordable rent, access to beaches, and a slower pace of life.
Riffa: A peaceful city with low rent, good transport connections, and a more suburban feel.
Isa Town: A quieter town offering affordable living and access to nature reserves.
Sitra: A small, industrial town offering affordable rent and easy access to Manama for work opportunities.

Cost of Living

Bahrain offers a relatively affordable cost of living compared to its Gulf neighbors, making it an appealing option for digital nomads. While Manama is the most expensive city, the overall cost of living remains low compared to cities in the UAE, Qatar, or Saudi Arabia.

Accommodation: $500–$1,500 per month. In Manama, one-bedroom apartments in the city center range from $800–$1,500 per month. In Muharraq, Riffa, and Isa Town, rents are more affordable, starting from $500–$1,000 for similar apartments.
Food: $200–$400 per month. Supermarket shopping is affordable, and eating out in local restaurants is inexpensive. Dining in more international restaurants in Manama can be a bit pricier but still remains affordable compared to Western countries.
Transportation: $20–$50 per month. Public transportation in Bahrain is limited but efficient, with buses and taxis available. Many expats and digital nomads use ride-sharing apps like Uber and Careem.
Coworking Space: $150–$350 per month. Manama offers a variety of coworking spaces, with prices ranging from $150–$350 depending on location and services. Smaller towns like Muharraq and Riffa may offer fewer coworking spaces but at lower prices.
Leisure & Extras: $50–$200 per month. Includes visiting museums, exploring historic sites, enjoying local cafés, or beach activities.

Internet and Connectivity

Bahrain has a well-developed internet infrastructure, particularly in urban areas like Manama and Muharraq. Fiber-optic broadband is available in most areas, with internet speeds typically ranging from 50–100 Mbps in coworking spaces, cafés, and hotels, making it ideal for digital nomads.

Mobile data is also widely available and affordable, with 4G coverage throughout the country. Providers like Batelco, Zain, and Viva offer mobile data plans that are perfect for using mobile hotspots while traveling around the island.

Community and Networking

Bahrain has a small but growing digital nomad community, particularly in Manama, where many remote workers, freelancers, and entrepreneurs gather in coworking spaces or attend networking events. Manama is the financial and cultural hub of the country, making it an ideal place for digital professionals looking to network and collaborate with others.

Muharraq, Riffa, and Isa Town offer a quieter lifestyle, but they still have growing expat communities. Bahrain’s small size makes it easy to travel between Manama and other towns, so you can take advantage of the city’s events and networking opportunities while living in a more tranquil environment.

Most digital nomads in Bahrain connect via Facebook groups, Meetup, and LinkedIn. Many coworking spaces in Manama host social events, workshops, and networking meetups, which help foster professional connections and create opportunities for collaboration.

Health & Wellness

Bahrain offers a high standard of healthcare, with both public and private healthcare options available. The healthcare system is considered modern and affordable, with many expats opting for private health insurance for quicker access to services and more comprehensive coverage.

For wellness, Bahrain offers a wide range of fitness centers, yoga studios, and spas in Manama and other towns. Beach resorts along the coast provide opportunities for water sports and relaxation, while nature reserves and parks offer space for outdoor activities like cycling and walking. Bahrain’s fitness culture is prominent, with many options for staying active and relaxed.

Long-Term Stay

Bahrain offers relatively affordable rental prices, especially when compared to other Gulf countries. While Manama is the most expensive city, it still remains cheaper than cities like Dubai or Doha.

Condos and Apartments: In Manama, one-bedroom apartments in the city center range from $800–$1,500 per month. In Muharraq, Riffa, and Isa Town, rents start from $500–$1,000 for similar apartments.
Serviced Apartments: Fully furnished serviced apartments in Manama typically range from $1,000–$2,000 per month.
Traditional Houses: Larger homes or houses in suburban or rural locations can be rented for $800–$1,500 per month.
Airbnb: Available throughout the country, with long-term rentals starting from $600–$1,200 per month in Manama and $400–$800 in smaller towns.

Visa Options

Bahrain offers a range of visa options for digital nomads and long-term stays.

Tourist Visa: Most non-EU nationals can stay in Bahrain for up to 30 days with a tourist visa, which is extendable for an additional 30 days.
Freelancer Visa (Self-Employment Visa): Bahrain offers a freelancer visa for remote workers, allowing digital nomads to stay and work in the country for extended periods.
Temporary Residence Visa: For those wishing to stay longer than 60 days, a temporary residence visa is available for remote workers or business owners.
Work Visa: For individuals employed by a local Bahraini company, a work visa is required.
Investor Visa: Bahrain offers an investor visa for entrepreneurs looking to establish a business and gain long-term residency.

History & Culture

Bahrain’s history dates back to the Dilmun civilization, one of the oldest in the world, and has been influenced by Persians, Arabs, and British colonial rule. After gaining independence from Britain in 1971, Bahrain became a constitutional monarchy, with a growing economy fueled by oil and financial services. Today, it is one of the most liberal and progressive countries in the region.

Food

Bahraini cuisine is a delicious blend of Arabian, Indian, and Persian flavors, with spices, rice, meat, and fish at the core of most dishes. The cuisine reflects Bahrain’s position as a trade hub, drawing influences from neighboring countries. Traditional meals are rich in flavor, and dates, lamb, and yogurt are common ingredients.

Machboos: A spiced rice dish similar to pilaf, made with lamb, chicken, or fish, and cooked with aromatic spices such as saffron and cinnamon.
Muhammar: A sweet rice dish made with dates and sugar, often served alongside grilled meats.
Bahraini Qouzi: A whole lamb, slow-cooked with rice, vegetables, and spices, often served during special occasions.
Samboosa: Fried pastries filled with meat, vegetables, or cheese, popular as a snack, especially during Ramadan.
Harees: A dish of wheat and meat (usually chicken or lamb) cooked to a creamy consistency, often eaten during religious festivals.
Luqaimat: Fried dough balls, sweetened with sugar syrup and often served with sesame seeds.

Language

The official language of Bahrain is Arabic, specifically the Gulf Arabic dialect, which is spoken in daily life and government. English is widely understood and commonly used in business, especially in urban areas like Manama, making communication easier for visitors. Many Bahrainis also speak Persian or Hindi due to the large expatriate communities from India and Iran.

Useful Phrases

Hello: مرحبا (Marhaban)
Thank you: شكرا (Shukran)
Yes / No: نعم / لا (Na’am / La)
How much is this?: كم ثمن هذا؟ (Kam thaman hatha?)
Where is the bathroom?: أين الحمام؟ (Ayn al-hammam?)
Help!: النجدة! (Al-najda!)
I don’t understand: لا أفهم (La afham)

History

Bahrain’s history stretches back over 4,000 years, with its origins tied to the Dilmun civilization, an important trade center in the ancient world. The island was later ruled by various empires, including the Persians, Portuguese, and Ottomans. In the 19th century, Bahrain became a protectorate of Britain, gaining independence in 1971. The country has since evolved into a wealthy and liberal kingdom, with a thriving financial sector and a cosmopolitan atmosphere.

The country’s rich history is reflected in its archaeological sites, forts, and traditional markets (souks), alongside modern developments such as the Kingdom Tower and the Bahrain World Trade Center. Despite the rapid modernization, Bahrain has managed to retain its cultural traditions, including its Islamic practices, hospitality, and artistic expressions.

Important Dates in Bahraini History

3000 BCE: The Dilmun civilization establishes Bahrain as a significant trading hub.
7th Century: Bahrain is incorporated into the Islamic Caliphate after the spread of Islam.
16th Century: Bahrain is taken over by the Portuguese, marking a period of foreign occupation.
1783: The Al Khalifa family takes control of Bahrain, a lineage that continues to rule today.
1913: Bahrain becomes a British protectorate, remaining under British influence until independence.
1971: Bahrain declares independence from Britain and becomes a constitutional monarchy.
2001: Bahrain introduces its National Action Charter, marking a move toward greater democracy.