Safaris, pyramids, gorilla trekking and incredible cultures are just a few of the highlights of Africa. This mysterious continent has historically been one of the least explored regions on earth, but today Africa tells a very different story.
What is it?: Africa is a vast continent filled with diverse landscapes, cultures, and wildlife, offering everything from safaris in the Serengeti to exploring ancient pyramids in Egypt and enjoying the beaches of Cape Town.
Affordability: Very affordable - Many parts of Africa, especially in countries like Morocco, Kenya, and South Africa, offer great value for money with budget-friendly accommodations and local food. Some countries, like Botswana and Kenya, can be more expensive due to safari tours and luxury accommodations.
Safety: Varies - Many African countries are safe for tourists, particularly in areas like South Africa, Namibia, and Morocco. However, certain regions in Nigeria, South Sudan, and Somalia have higher risks due to conflict. It’s important to stay informed and exercise caution in specific areas.
Popularity: Growing - Africa is becoming increasingly popular with tourists seeking adventure, culture, wildlife, and natural beauty. Iconic destinations like Machu Picchu, Victoria Falls, and the Pyramids of Giza continue to draw millions each year.
Tourist Infrastructure: Developing - Many countries in Africa offer good infrastructure in major tourist cities, with reliable transport and accommodations. However, rural and remote areas may have limited services, requiring extra planning.
Weather: Diverse - Africa spans various climates, from the tropical rainforests in Congo to the deserts of the Sahara. The best time to visit is typically during the dry season (May–October) when conditions are ideal for safaris and outdoor activities.
Best Time to Go: May to October - The dry season is the most popular time for safaris and outdoor exploration, offering clear skies and cooler temperatures. However, certain regions like South Africa and Egypt can be visited year-round.
Known For: Safaris, wildlife, beaches, deserts, pyramids, ancient civilizations, diverse cultures, jungles, and natural wonders like Victoria Falls and the Sahara Desert.
Top Destinations: Cape Town • Marrakech • Victoria Falls • Cairo • Masai Mara • Sossusvlei • Zanzibar • Sahara Desert • Kruger National Park • Machu Picchu • Serengeti National Park • Luxor • Botswana • Zanzibar
- Central Africa: Explore the dense rainforests, diverse wildlife, and cultural heritage of countries like Cameroon, Central African Republic, and Gabon.
- East Africa: Discover iconic wildlife safaris in Kenya and Tanzania, the stunning landscapes of Uganda and Rwanda, and the cultural richness of Ethiopia.
- East African Islands: Enjoy the pristine beaches, unique cultures, and marine biodiversity of islands like Madagascar, Seychelles, and Zanzibar.
- North Africa: Experience the rich history, ancient ruins, and vibrant cultures of countries like Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria.
- Southern Africa: Witness breathtaking landscapes, wildlife, and cultural diversity in countries like South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe.
- West Africa: Delve into the vibrant cultures, historical landmarks, and coastal beauty of countries like Ghana, Senegal, Nigeria, and Côte d’Ivoire.
A continent celebrated for its vast size and remarkable geographical diversity. Africa encompasses more than 30 million square kilometers, making it the second-largest continent on our planet. Its geography boasts a wide spectrum of landscapes, climates, and ecosystems, including the expansive Sahara Desert in the north, the lush rainforests of the Congo Basin in the central regions, and a diverse range of coastal areas along its extensive shorelines.
Many people believe the world’s largest continent is a dangerous, inaccessible place, but for adventurous travelers Africa has some exciting times to offer, boasting a wealth of culture, history and incredible nature. It is true that military dictatorships, genocide, famine and poverty have dominated the country’s contemporary history, but among the madness the intrepid traveler will find stories of success against all odds coupled with warm welcomes and big smiles.
From the majestic pyramids of Egypt to the wild animals of the Serengeti in South Africa, this continent would take many lifetimes to fully explore and understand. As far as scenery goes, it is hard to compete with Africa in terms of untouched wilderness. From its highest peak, Tanzania’s Mount Kilimanjaro, jutting 5,895m above sea level, to Lake Assal in Djibouti, whose surface lays 157m below sea level, it is possible to enjoy many worlds in just one continent.
The world’s longest river, the Nile, runs from Burundi to Egypt, covering over 4,000 miles, and the continent’s largest lake, Lake Victoria, spanning 43,000 square miles, contrast with the dryness of the massive Sahara Desert. Gold, copper and diamonds are all mined in Africa, which is surrounded by the Mediterranean in the north, the Red Sea in the northeast, the western Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean in the southeast. The mostly flat Sahel is an area of grasslands which contains a number of isolated mountain ranges and plateaus.
The highest HIV and AIDS rates in the world are found in sub-Saharan Africa, with more than 25 million people infected, and many more lives touched by the disease. That means that more than seven percent of adults are infected on the continent. There is also a danger of contracting a number of tropical diseases so vaccinations should be sought prior to travel.
Families: Africa can be amazing for adventurous families , wildlife safaris, beach resorts, and cultural encounters await. South Africa, Morocco, Kenya, and Mauritius are most family-friendly, offering good infrastructure and a range of activities. Some regions are challenging due to health or safety concerns.
Couples: Africa delivers unforgettable romantic experiences , think private safari camps in Botswana, wine tasting in South Africa, beach escapes in Seychelles, or historic riads in Morocco. Sunsets, seclusion, and luxury lodges make it ideal for honeymoons and romantic escapes.
Backpackers: Africa offers backpacker adventures, but it requires more planning than Southeast Asia or Latin America. South Africa, Morocco, Tanzania, and parts of East Africa have strong backpacker trails. Overland trips, shared taxis, and hostels are common but vary in quality.
Digital Nomads: Africa has some nomad-friendly cities like Cape Town, Nairobi, and Marrakech with coworking spaces and decent internet. However, challenges like visas, connectivity, and safety issues in some countries limit its appeal for long-term remote work.
Luxury Travelers: Africa excels at luxury , private safaris, secluded islands, luxury trains like the Rovos Rail, and exclusive lodges set new standards. Botswana, South Africa, Namibia, Morocco, and Seychelles are top picks for high-end experiences.
Foodies: Africa’s food scenes are underrated but rewarding. Morocco’s spice markets, Ethiopia’s unique cuisine, South Africa’s fusion flavors, and coastal seafood from Mozambique to Senegal highlight the continent’s variety. Infrastructure for food tourism is still developing outside major cities.
Beach Bunnies: Africa has stunning beaches , from the white sands of Zanzibar and Mauritius to the wild shores of Mozambique and the glamorous resorts of Seychelles. South Africa‘s coasts and Egypt‘s Red Sea beaches add even more options, though seasons and safety vary.
Nature Buffs: Africa is one of the best continents for nature lovers. Safaris in Kenya, Tanzania, and South Africa showcase iconic wildlife, while landscapes like the Namib Desert, Victoria Falls, and Rwenzori Mountains astound. Biodiversity and sheer scale are unbeatable.
History Buffs: Africa’s historical depth is vast , from ancient Egypt’s monuments to Great Zimbabwe, Axum in Ethiopia, and colonial cities in Senegal and Ghana. Historical sites are sometimes overshadowed by wildlife tourism, but rich narratives are everywhere for those who seek them.
Culture Vultures: Africa’s living cultures are incredibly diverse , music, dance, festivals, languages, and crafts change every few hundred miles. Morocco, Ethiopia, Ghana, and South Africa are especially vibrant for visitors wanting authentic cultural immersion.
Adventure Seekers: Africa is an adventurer’s paradise. Trek Kilimanjaro, raft the Zambezi River, dive with sharks in South Africa, or explore the dunes of Namibia. Infrastructure for adventure is improving, and experiences range from rugged to luxurious.
Solo Travelers: Solo travel in Africa can be incredibly rewarding but requires more caution. South Africa, Morocco, and Kenya are relatively accessible for solo explorers. Logistics, safety, and occasional scams mean planning and street smarts are essential.
Party Animals: Africa’s party scenes vary widely. Cape Town, Lagos, Kampala, and Nairobi have vibrant nightlife, while beach towns like Diani Beach and Zanzibar throw lively parties. In rural and conservative areas, nightlife is limited or non-existent.
Wildlife Watchers: Africa is the ultimate wildlife destination. The Big Five, gorilla trekking in Uganda and Rwanda, whale watching off South Africa, and the Great Migration across Tanzania and Kenya deliver world-class wildlife encounters unmatched anywhere else.
LGBTQ+: LGBTQ+ travel is complicated in Africa. South Africa is a global leader in LGBTQ+ rights and Cape Town is very welcoming. However, in many countries, legal protections are lacking or homosexuality is criminalized. Travel requires caution and discretion in much of the continent.
Why Go to Africa?
- Incredible Wildlife Safaris: Spot the Big Five in Kruger, see the Great Migration in the Serengeti, or track mountain gorillas in Uganda or Rwanda.
- Ancient Civilizations and Monuments: Marvel at the Pyramids of Giza, the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela, or the ancient city ruins of Great Zimbabwe.
- Beaches and Islands: Relax on white sands in Mozambique, Seychelles, Cape Verde, or Mauritius, or surf off the coasts of Morocco or Senegal.
- Epic Landscapes: Cross the sands of the Sahara, hike the volcanic mountains of Ethiopia, or road trip through Namibia’s Skeleton Coast.
- Diverse Cultures and Traditions: Experience Maasai ceremonies in Kenya, Berber villages in Morocco, or the vibrant music scenes of Nigeria and Mali.
- Adventure Activities: Climb Kilimanjaro, raft the Zambezi River, trek the Rwenzori Mountains, or dive coral reefs in the Red Sea.
- Rich Food Scenes: Taste spicy tagines in Morocco, peri-peri chicken in Mozambique, bunny chow in South Africa, or cassava stews in West Africa.
Who Might Not Enjoy Africa?
Africa is an incredibly diverse continent, so experiences vary widely by region and country. Still, certain travelers may find the general conditions across much of Africa challenging:
-
Travelers Expecting Seamless Infrastructure: Outside of a few countries like South Africa, Morocco, or Rwanda, roads can be rough, public transport unreliable, and services inconsistent. Travel often requires flexibility and patience.
-
Luxury-Only Tourists Seeking Uniform Comfort: Although luxury tourism exists in parts of Africa, such as safari lodges or upscale resorts, it’s not widespread. In many regions, even higher-end accommodations can be rustic or inconsistent.
-
Visitors Needing Guaranteed Safety: While most tourist areas are safe with precautions, parts of Africa experience political instability, petty crime, scams, or terrorism risks. Travelers must research carefully and stay alert.
-
Strict Vegetarians or Vegans: Traditional diets in many African countries center around meat, fish, and starchy foods. While vegetarian options exist, they are not universally available or always clearly labeled, especially outside major cities.
-
Tourists Wanting Fast, Organized Travel: Schedules can be flexible (“African time” is real), delays are common, and booking transport, tours, or activities last minute often leads to complications.
-
Travelers Sensitive to Heat, Dust, or Tropical Conditions: Many parts of Africa are hot, humid, dusty, or dry depending on the region and season. This can make outdoor activities and long journeys physically challenging.
-
Those Expecting High-Speed Internet and Urban Comforts Everywhere: Internet is available in major cities but slow or nonexistent in rural areas. Electricity and water supply can be irregular outside wealthier areas.
-
Nightlife-First Tourists Outside Major Cities: While cities like Nairobi, Johannesburg, and Lagos have lively nightlife, much of the continent outside big urban centers is quiet after dark, especially in rural or conservative regions.
-
Shoppers Wanting Global Retail or Designer Goods: Aside from a few hubs (like Cape Town or Casablanca), shopping is usually focused on local crafts and markets, not international brands or malls.
What’s Cool
Incredibly diverse cultures, languages, and traditions, world-class wildlife safaris across East and Southern Africa, stunning natural wonders like Victoria Falls, Mount Kilimanjaro, and the Sahara Desert, vibrant cities like Cape Town, Marrakech, and Nairobi, rich music, dance, and art scenes, epic trekking and adventure opportunities, beautiful beaches along the Indian Ocean and Atlantic coasts, delicious and varied cuisines, warm and welcoming locals, deep historical and archaeological sites like Great Zimbabwe and the Pyramids of Giza, colorful markets and crafts, growing ecotourism and conservation projects, authentic off-the-beaten-path travel experiences, affordable options for budget travelers.
What’s Not
Security risks and political instability in certain regions, poor infrastructure in rural areas, health risks like malaria and yellow fever, complicated visa requirements and border crossings, language barriers outside tourist areas, unreliable internet and frequent power outages, petty crime and scams in major cities, expensive safari and gorilla trekking permits, slow and crowded public transport systems, travel disruptions during rainy seasons, environmental degradation in some areas, inconsistent service standards, large distances between major attractions.
Africa is the second largest continent on Earth, located south of Europe and bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north. It is connected to Asia by the Isthmus of Suez in Egypt. Africa includes 54 recognized countries and a handful of territories, spanning a wide range of latitudes from the northern shores along the Mediterranean to the southern tip at the Cape of Good Hope.
Africa’s geography is varied, with deserts, rainforests, savannas, mountains, and coastlines. The continent is traditionally divided into five major subregions: North Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, East Africa, and Southern Africa, with a separate grouping often made for the East African Islands. North Africa is largely desert, dominated by the Sahara. West Africa is characterized by savannas and coastal plains. Central Africa is heavily forested, centered on the Congo Basin. East Africa features highlands, rift valleys, and extensive savannas, while Southern Africa contains deserts, bushlands, and mountain ranges. The East African Islands are volcanic or coral-based, scattered across the Indian Ocean.
Culturally, Africa is diverse, with Arab and Berber influences in the north, dozens of indigenous cultures and languages in West and Central Africa, and Bantu-speaking populations across much of the center and south. Climate zones vary from Mediterranean climates in parts of the north, to arid deserts, tropical rainforests near the equator, and temperate regions in the south.
The most common arrival points for travelers are major cities like Cairo, Casablanca, Nairobi, Addis Ababa, Johannesburg, Cape Town, Lagos, and Accra, all of which have large international airports and are well-connected to Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas.
Central Africa
Central Africa is dominated by the Congo Basin, one of the largest rainforest areas on Earth. It is less developed for tourism compared to other regions, but draws visitors interested in wildlife, rainforests, and remote exploration. The region is rich in biodiversity but limited infrastructure can make travel more difficult.
-
Angola: A large, oil-rich country with beautiful Atlantic beaches and rugged highlands, but tourism is limited by infrastructure challenges and safety concerns.
Luanda • Lubango -
Cameroon: Known as “Africa in miniature” for its cultural and geographic diversity, Cameroon offers rainforests, mountains, and savannahs, though political instability can affect travel.
Yaoundé • Buea -
Central African Republic: A country of rainforests and wildlife-rich parks but plagued by insecurity, making independent travel extremely difficult and often unsafe.
Dzanga-Sangha Reserve • Bangui -
Chad: Remote and adventurous, Chad’s deserts, lakes, and national parks reward determined travelers, but serious safety and logistical challenges persist.
Zakouma National Park • N’Djamena -
Congo: A small but lush country offering rainforest exploration and gorilla trekking, relatively stable but underdeveloped for mass tourism.
Brazzaville • Odzala-Kokoua National Park -
Democratic Republic of Congo: A massive country with volcanic hikes and primate encounters for extreme adventurers, but travel is risky due to ongoing conflicts.
Virunga National Park • Kinshasa -
Equatorial Guinea: A rarely visited country with dense jungles and Spanish colonial remnants, offering off-the-beaten-path experiences but expensive and bureaucratic for tourists.
Malabo • Bata -
Gabon: An eco-tourism hotspot with beaches, rainforests, and rare wildlife like lowland gorillas, though high costs and limited infrastructure challenge visitors.
Loango National Park • Libreville -
South Sudan: Africa’s newest country has untouched landscapes and cultural diversity, but conflict and instability make travel extremely dangerous.
Juba • Boma National Park -
São Tomé and Príncipe: A peaceful island nation offering lush forests, colonial towns, and quiet beaches, popular for nature tourism but still low-key and relatively expensive to reach.
São Tomé • Principe Island
East Africa
East Africa is characterized by the Great Rift Valley, highlands, lakes, and savannas. It is one of Africa’s most popular regions for safaris, wildlife viewing, and trekking. Compared to other African regions, East Africa has more organized tourism industries and draws many first-time travelers to the continent.
-
Burundi: A small and scenic country with rolling hills and lakes, Burundi has potential for tourism but faces political instability and limited infrastructure.
Bujumbura • Lake Tanganyika -
Djibouti: A tiny country known for surreal landscapes like salt lakes and volcanic formations, offering unique diving and adventure opportunities but at a high cost.
Lac Assal • Djibouti City -
Eritrea: Often called a “time capsule” for its Italian colonial architecture, Eritrea offers Red Sea coastlines and historic towns but is difficult to visit due to visa restrictions.
Asmara • Massawa -
Ethiopia: A standout destination with ancient churches, dramatic landscapes, and rich culture, relatively popular despite occasional political unrest.
Lalibela • Simien Mountains -
Kenya: One of Africa’s top safari destinations, Kenya blends wildlife, beaches, and cultural tourism, though petty crime and scams can be issues in cities.
Nairobi • Maasai Mara -
Rwanda: A safe, clean, and fast-developing country known for mountain gorilla trekking and somber genocide memorials, with a strong tourism rebound.
Kigali • Volcanoes National Park -
Somalia: Despite beautiful beaches and historic sites, Somalia remains extremely dangerous for travel due to conflict, terrorism, and piracy risks.
Mogadishu • Laas Geel -
Somaliland: A self-declared independent region that’s more stable than Somalia, attracting intrepid travelers with ancient rock art and welcoming people.
Hargeisa • Berbera -
Tanzania: A classic safari and beach destination with famous parks and Mount Kilimanjaro, popular and generally safe though infrastructure varies widely.
Serengeti National Park • Zanzibar -
Uganda: Known for mountain gorillas, lush landscapes, and adventure sports, Uganda is growing in popularity but travel can involve long overland journeys.
Kampala • Bwindi Impenetrable Forest
East African Islands
The East African Islands consist of several Indian Ocean nations and territories, each with distinct cultures and environments. The islands offer tropical beaches, volcanic mountains, coral reefs, and French and African cultural blends. Tourism focuses on relaxation, diving, and nature.
-
Comoros: An off-the-beaten-path destination with volcanic islands, beaches, and rich culture, but basic infrastructure and occasional political instability challenge travel.
Moroni • Mohéli -
Madagascar: A biodiversity hotspot with unique wildlife, rainforests, and beaches, Madagascar attracts nature lovers but has patchy roads and infrastructure.
Antananarivo • Avenue of the Baobabs -
Mauritius: A polished island destination offering luxury resorts, beaches, and multicultural towns, very popular and easy to visit with excellent tourism services.
Port Louis • Grand Baie -
Mayotte: A French territory blending African and French influences, Mayotte offers lagoons and coral reefs but has high costs and bureaucratic entry requirements.
Mamoudzou • Petite-Terre -
Réunion: A French island known for its volcanic landscapes, hiking, and Creole culture, Réunion is well-developed for tourism but pricier than mainland Africa.
Saint-Denis • Piton de la Fournaise -
Seychelles: An iconic luxury destination with white-sand beaches, granite islands, and marine parks, Seychelles is very safe and geared heavily toward upscale tourism.
Mahé • Praslin
North Africa
North Africa is dominated by the Sahara Desert and bordered by the Mediterranean Sea. It is culturally distinct, with Arab, Berber, and Islamic influences being dominant. Tourism focuses on historic cities, desert landscapes, ancient ruins, and Mediterranean beaches. Compared to other regions of Africa, North Africa is more integrated with Middle Eastern and European cultural influences and tends to have better infrastructure for tourism.
-
Algeria: A vast, less-touristed destination where Roman ruins, Saharan dunes, and Ottoman cities await, though travel logistics can be tricky and safety varies by region.
Algiers • Ghardaïa -
Egypt: One of the world’s most iconic destinations for ancient wonders like the Pyramids and temples, but expect crowds, touts, and occasional political unrest.
Cairo • Luxor -
Libya: Home to stunning Roman sites and vast desert landscapes, but tourism is nearly nonexistent due to ongoing conflict and major safety concerns.
Leptis Magna • Ghadames -
Morocco: A popular and relatively easy destination offering colorful souks, ancient medinas, and mountain-to-sea landscapes, though scams and touts are common in tourist areas.
Marrakech • Fes -
Tunisia: A compact and welcoming country with Mediterranean beaches, ancient ruins, and desert oases, generally safe but occasionally affected by regional instability.
Tunis • Dougga -
Sudan: Known for its uncrowded pyramids and Nubian culture, Sudan offers adventurous travel off the beaten path but has serious safety and visa challenges.
Meroë • Khartoum
Southern Africa
Southern Africa includes a mix of deserts, highlands, coastal plains, and fertile valleys. It is one of Africa’s most developed tourism regions, known for safaris, wine country, scenic drives, and adventure sports. Southern Africa tends to have better infrastructure compared to most of the continent, making it attractive to a wide range of travelers.
-
Botswana: A premier safari destination known for high-end wildlife experiences in the Okavango Delta and Chobe, very safe but expensive for independent travelers.
Okavango Delta • Chobe National Park -
Lesotho: A mountainous kingdom offering horseback treks, hiking, and traditional villages, appealing to adventurous travelers willing to brave basic infrastructure.
Maseru • Sani Pass -
Malawi: A friendly and scenic country centered around Lake Malawi, offering beaches, hiking, and wildlife, with growing but modest tourism development.
Lake Malawi • Lilongwe -
Mozambique: Known for stunning Indian Ocean beaches and colonial towns, Mozambique offers adventure and culture but faces visa hassles and occasional instability.
Maputo • Bazaruto Archipelago -
Namibia: A top destination for desert landscapes, wildlife, and rugged road trips, Namibia is safe and easy for self-drive safaris but vast distances are a challenge.
Etosha National Park • Sossusvlei -
South Africa: One of Africa’s most diverse and popular destinations, South Africa offers wildlife, beaches, cities, and mountains, but crime is a notable concern.
Cape Town • Kruger National Park -
Swaziland (Eswatini): A small, culturally rich kingdom offering festivals, wildlife parks, and scenic drives, relatively safe and easy to explore.
Mbabane • Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary -
Zambia: A raw and rewarding destination for safaris and natural wonders like Victoria Falls, Zambia offers excellent adventure tourism but at higher costs.
Livingstone • South Luangwa National Park -
Zimbabwe: Famous for Victoria Falls and superb safaris, Zimbabwe is bouncing back as a tourist destination though political and economic instability remain concerns.
Victoria Falls • Hwange National Park
West Africa
West Africa is known for its mix of savanna, coastal plains, and tropical forests. Culturally, it is diverse with hundreds of ethnic groups and languages. Tourism centers around historical sites related to the Atlantic slave trade, vibrant cities, traditional festivals, and national parks. Compared to other parts of Africa, West Africa can be challenging for travel logistics but offers strong cultural immersion.
-
Benin: A compact country famous for its vibrant culture, voodoo traditions, and historic slave trade sites, generally safe but with modest tourism infrastructure.
Ouidah • Abomey -
Burkina Faso: Known for music, art, and cultural festivals, Burkina Faso attracts adventurous travelers, but ongoing security issues make travel risky.
Ouagadougou • Bobo-Dioulasso -
Cape Verde: A laid-back Atlantic archipelago offering volcanic hikes, beach resorts, and Creole culture, popular with European tourists but spread across distant islands.
Sal • Santiago -
Cote d’Ivoire: A vibrant and fast-growing destination with lively cities, beaches, and rainforests, though some areas still experience political tension.
Abidjan • Grand-Bassam -
Ghana: One of West Africa’s most tourist-friendly countries, Ghana offers forts, beaches, lively cities, and welcoming culture, with good infrastructure by regional standards.
Accra • Cape Coast -
Guinea: A country of waterfalls and mountains for hardy travelers, Guinea has minimal tourism services and periodic political instability.
Conakry • Fouta Djallon -
Guinea Bissau: A little-visited country with beautiful archipelagos and Portuguese colonial towns, but political instability and poor infrastructure can complicate visits.
Bissau • Bubaque Island -
Liberia: Offering surf beaches, rainforests, and history, Liberia is rebuilding its tourism industry post-conflict but still has basic infrastructure.
Monrovia • Robertsport -
Mali: Once a hub for legendary cities like Timbuktu, Mali has incredible cultural sites but faces major security concerns that severely limit travel.
Timbuktu • Djenne -
Mauritania: A starkly beautiful desert country famous for ancient trading cities and iron-ore trains, Mauritania is safe in parts but has some regional travel warnings.
Chinguetti • Nouakchott -
Niger: Mostly desert and very adventurous, Niger offers ancient cities and desert festivals but has serious safety and infrastructure challenges.
Agadez • Niamey -
Nigeria: Africa’s most populous nation offers dynamic cities, cultural diversity, and national parks, but crime, terrorism, and scams are major concerns.
Lagos • Abuja -
Senegal: A stable and lively country popular with tourists for music, beaches, and historical sites, especially easy to visit compared to neighbors.
Dakar • Saint-Louis -
Sierra Leone: An emerging destination for beaches, hiking, and rich history, though still recovering from past conflicts and with basic tourist facilities.
Freetown • Banana Islands -
The Gambia: A small, river-centered country offering easygoing tourism with beaches, birdwatching, and cultural tours, heavily focused around package holidays.
Banjul • Serrekunda -
Togo: Compact and culturally rich, Togo has scenic hills, markets, and beaches, welcoming to tourists but relatively low-key compared to neighbors.
Lomé • Kpalimé -
Western Sahara: A disputed desert territory mainly visited for its stark landscapes; political tensions make travel sensitive and services are limited.
Laayoune • Dakhla
Dependent Territories in Africa
- Mayotte (France) – Indian Ocean, between Madagascar and Mozambique.
- Réunion (France) – Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar.
- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom) – South Atlantic Ocean, west of Angola.
Disputed or Special Status Territories
- Western Sahara (Disputed between Morocco and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) – North Africa.
- Ceuta (Spain) – North African enclave on the coast, bordering Morocco.
- Melilla (Spain) – Another North African enclave on the coast, bordering Morocco.
- Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (Spain) – Tiny Spanish exclave (connected by sandbar to Morocco).
- Peñón de Alhucemas (Spain) – Small Spanish rock outpost near Moroccan coast.
- Islas Chafarinas (Spain) – Small Spanish island group off Morocco’s northeast coast.
- Bir Tawil (Unclaimed) – A terra nullius between Egypt and Sudan.
Other Notable Entities (Internal Divisions with Unique Status, Not Countries)
- Somaliland – A self-declared independent state (recognized as autonomous region of Somalia).
- Azawad (claimed 2012, not currently functioning) – Northern Mali region that declared independence briefly.
Offshore but Politically African-Linked Territories
- Canary Islands (Spain) – Atlantic Ocean off northwest Africa (politically part of Europe/Spain, but geographically near Morocco).
- Madeira (Portugal) – North Atlantic Ocean, north of the Canary Islands (closer to Europe but off the African tectonic plate).
For wildlife enthusiasts, top safari destinations like the Serengeti in Tanzania, Maasai Mara in Kenya, and Kruger National Park in South Africa provide unforgettable encounters with the Big Five (Lion, Leopard, Elephant, Rhinocerous and Cape buffalo).
History and culture aficionados can explore the ancient Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela in Ethiopia, and the historic streets of Stone Town in Zanzibar.
Coastal paradises such as the beaches of Mauritius, Seychelles, and Zanzibar offer beaches, seascapes and rich marine life.
Highlights
- Kilimanjaro National Park: (Tanzania) Africa’s highest mountain entices hikers and climbers of all abilities to scale her lofty peaks. The three summits, Kibo, Shira and Mawenzie attract thousands of hikers each year.
- The Pyramid: (Egypt) Probably the most celebrated of the Seven Wonders of the World, the majestic pyramids have long lured fascinated crowds. With continuing debate as to how these great structures came into being, the tales of ancient curses have enchanted generations of people.
- Kruger National Park: (South Africa) Africa’s most established reserve features an incredible sundry of animal and birdlife amongst its diversity of habitats. Visitors are drawn to opportunities to catch a glimpse of the big five: elephants, buffalo, lions, leopards and black rhinoceros. Guided hiking trails and game drives are offered while excellent accommodation lures visitors back time and time again.
- Victoria Falls: (Zambia and Zimbabwe) Located between Zambia and Zimbabwe, the world’s largest falls offer magnificent beauty with a spray that can be seen over 30kms away. Permanent rainbows arch over the mist and visitors can enjoy thrilling white water rafting in the river below.
- Table Mountain: (South Africa) Dominating the landscape of Cape Town, the beautiful Table Mountain offers climbing and hiking opportunities as well as a revolving cable car for visitors of less energy. Cape Town’s nearby beaches and wineries draw in the visitors as does the famous Robben Island where Nelson Mandela was once held captive.
- Lake Malawi: (Malawi) This tropical UNESCO World Heritage site is lined with banana, avocado, mango and palm trees and is home to an extraordinary array of wildlife as well as some colorful endemic cichlids which can be accessed by diving and snorkeling.
- Serengeti National Park: (Tanzania) Home to more than 35 species of mammals including zebra, lion, wildebeest, giraffe and elephant, Serengeti National Park has been named the ‘endless plains’ in Masai. While the magnificent annual migration of wildebeest is arguably Africa’s most incredible natural event, the birdlife in this park peaks at more than 200 species.
- Djemaa el Fnaa Square: (Morocco) This vibrant marketplace in central Marrakesh is full of wonderful and unfamiliar sights and smells. Fortune tellers vie with street artists and snake charmers alongside colorful stalls selling fresh local produce. Visitors can sip on sweet mint tea or tasty orange juice while waiting to take a ride in a horse-drawn carriage.
Regions
-
Central Africa: Central Africa features the vast Congo Basin rainforest, diverse wildlife like gorillas and elephants, and rich cultural traditions. Key sites include Virunga National Park and the cultures of Cameroon and Gabon.
Angola • Cameroon • Central African Republic • Chad • Congo • Democratic Republic of Congo • Equatorial Guinea • Gabon • South Sudan • São Tomé and Príncipe
-
East Africa: East Africa is known for its iconic wildlife and landscapes, including the Serengeti, Maasai Mara, and Mount Kilimanjaro. Visitors can see the Great Migration and experience Maasai culture and safaris.
Burundi • Djibouti • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Kenya • Rwanda • Somalia • Somaliland • Tanzania • Uganda
-
East African Islands: The East African Islands, such as Madagascar, Seychelles, and Mauritius, offer beaches, unique wildlife, and marine life. Highlights include Madagascar’s endemic species and resorts in Seychelles and Mauritius.
Comoros • Madagascar • Mauritius • Mayotte • Réunion • Seychelles
-
North Africa: North Africa features ancient history and diverse landscapes, with Egypt’s Pyramids of Giza, Tunisia’s Carthage ruins, and Morocco’s medinas. The Sahara Desert offers desert treks and cultural experiences.
-
Southern Africa: Southern Africa is known for its varied landscapes and wildlife. Highlights include South Africa’s Kruger National Park, Namibia’s Namib Desert, Botswana’s Okavango Delta, and Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe and Zambia.
Botswana • Lesotho • Malawi • Mozambique • Namibia • South Africa • Swaziland • Zambia • Zimbabwe
-
West Africa: West Africa offers rich cultural heritage, historic sites, and diverse landscapes. Highlights include Ghana’s Cape Coast Castle, Senegal’s Goree Island, Nigeria’s bustling markets, and Mali’s Timbuktu. Travelers can experience traditional music, dance, and vibrant local festivals.
Benin • Burkina Faso • Cape Verde • Cote d’Ivoire • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea Bissau • Liberia • Mali • Mauritania • Niger • Nigeria • Senegal • Sierra Leone • The Gambia • Togo • Western Sahara
Top Cities
- Cairo: Egypt’s sprawling capital known for the Giza Pyramids and the Nile River.
- Marrakech: A historic city in Morocco famous for its medinas, palaces, and souks.
- Johannesburg: South Africa’s largest city and financial hub with a significant Apartheid history.
- Cape Town: South African city known for Table Mountain and Robben Island.
- Lagos: Nigeria’s largest city and economic center, notable for its bustling markets and ports.
- Casablanca: Morocco’s largest city and economic hub, known for its modern architecture and historic medina.
- Durban: A coastal city in South Africa known for its beaches and large Indian community.
- Accra: The capital of Ghana, known for its vibrant markets and coastal forts.
- Nairobi: Kenya’s capital, known for Nairobi National Park and its status as a tech hub.
- Dakar: Senegal’s capital, known for its cultural sites and as the end point of the Paris-Dakar Rally.
- Entebbe: A town in Uganda, known for its international airport and Lake Victoria.
- Tunis: The capital of Tunisia, known for its ancient ruins of Carthage and the medina.
Islands & Beaches
Africa’s islands and beaches offer some of the most diverse coastal experiences in the world. From the luxury resorts of Seychelles and Mauritius to the rich cultural heritage of Zanzibar and Lamu Island. Mozambique’s Bazaruto Archipelago and Tofo Beach are renowned for their crystal-clear waters and marine biodiversity, great for diving and snorkeling. Madagascar’s Nosy Be and Comoros provide unique ecosystems.
- Zanzibar: (Tanzania) Known for its beautiful beaches, clear waters, and historic Stone Town.
- Seychelles: Famous for its pristine beaches, coral reefs, and luxury resorts.
- Mauritius: Renowned for its white sandy beaches, blue lagoons, and diverse marine life.
- Lamu Island: (Kenya) Offers a mix of stunning beaches and Swahili culture.
- Cape Verde: Features beautiful beaches and a vibrant Creole culture.
- Bazaruto Archipelago: (Mozambique) Known for its crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and marine life.
- Nosy Be: (Madagascar) Popular for its beaches, snorkeling, and lemur reserves.
- Comoros: Offers volcanic islands, beautiful beaches, and a rich cultural heritage.
- Pemba Island: (Tanzania) Known for its lush forests, diving spots, and traditional Swahili culture.
- Tofo Beach: (Mozambique) Famous for its wide sandy beaches and excellent diving opportunities.
National Parks
Africa’s national parks are renowned for their incredible biodiversity and unique wildlife. From South Africa’s vast Kruger National Park, home to the Big Five, to Tanzania’s Serengeti, famous for the Great Migration, these parks offer unparalleled wildlife viewing. Kenya’s Maasai Mara and Amboseli provide big cats and elephants against the backdrop of Mount Kilimanjaro. Botswana’s Chobe National Park and Okavango Delta are known for their arge elephant herds. Uganda’s Bwindi Impenetrable National Park offers rare encounters with mountain gorillas. Each park presents a distinct and unforgettable adventure for nature enthusiasts.
- Kruger National Park: (South Africa) One of Africa’s largest game reserves, known for its diverse wildlife including the Big Five.
- Serengeti National Park: (Tanzania) Famous for the Great Migration of wildebeest and zebras, as well as its rich wildlife.
- Maasai Mara National Reserve: (Kenya) Renowned for its population of big cats and the annual wildebeest migration.
- Etosha National Park: (Namibia) Known for its salt pan and abundant wildlife, including elephants, lions, and rhinos.
- Chobe National Park: (Botswana) Famous for its large elephant herds and diverse ecosystems.
- Bwindi Impenetrable National Park: (Uganda) Home to nearly half of the world’s mountain gorillas, offering unique trekking experiences.
- Okavango Delta: (Botswana) A unique inland delta known for its rich wildlife and waterways.
- Hwange National Park: (Zimbabwe) Known for its large elephant population and diverse wildlife.
- Amboseli National Park: (Kenya) Offers stunning views of Mount Kilimanjaro and is known for its large elephant herds.
- Virunga National Park: (Democratic Republic of Congo) Africa’s oldest national park, known for its mountain gorillas and active volcanoes.
World Heritage
- Pyramids of Giza: (Egypt) Iconic ancient pyramids, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and the Sphinx.
- Serengeti National Park: (Tanzania) Famous for the Great Migration and diverse wildlife.
- Victoria Falls: (Zambia/Zimbabwe) One of the largest and most famous waterfalls in the world.
- Great Zimbabwe Ruins: (Zimbabwe) Ancient city ruins, reflecting the height of the Shona civilization.
- Robben Island: (South Africa) Notorious prison where Nelson Mandela was held for 18 years.
- Timbuktu: (Mali) Historic city known for its ancient manuscripts and Islamic architecture.
- Rock-Hewn Churches of Lalibela: (Ethiopia) Eleven medieval monolithic churches carved out of rock.
- Ngorongoro Conservation Area: (Tanzania) Crater teeming with wildlife and archaeological sites.
- Kilimanjaro National Park: (Tanzania) Home to Africa’s highest peak, Mount Kilimanjaro.
- Djenne: (Mali) Ancient city with the Great Mosque, the largest mud-brick building in the world.
- Simien Mountains National Park: (Ethiopia) Spectacular mountain scenery and rare wildlife like the Ethiopian wolf.
- Bwindi Impenetrable National Park: (Uganda) Known for its population of mountain gorillas.
- Sanganeb Marine National Park: (Sudan) Renowned for its rich marine biodiversity and coral reefs.
- Le Morne Cultural Landscape: (Mauritius) Symbolic site of resistance against slavery.
- Stone Town, Zanzibar: (Tanzania) Historic trade center with Swahili and Islamic influences.
As a continent, Africa experiences an extremely varied climate, with Mediterranean temperatures in the north and south, extreme conditions in the Sahara desert, areas of tropical savannah though the center and tropical rainforest elsewhere.
Africa is vast and diverse, with a huge range of climates. The north is dominated by deserts (hot, dry summers and mild winters), the equatorial belt has year-round tropical heat and rain, the savannah zones in the east and south experience wet and dry seasons, and southern Africa has more Mediterranean or temperate weather patterns. Travel conditions vary dramatically depending on the region. In general, the best time to visit is during the dry seasons, typically June to October for safaris and November to March for visiting southern beaches and cities.
High Season: June–October (for much of East and Southern Africa), December–March (for parts of North and West Africa)
Shoulder Season: April–May, November
Low Season: January–March (some Southern Africa areas), July–September (some West Africa areas depending on rain)
Africa is massive, spanning multiple climate zones, so the best time to visit depends heavily on where you’re going. Think of it in chunks: safari season, beach season, and cultural exploration all vary across the continent.
High Season:
In East and Southern Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Botswana, Namibia), the dry season runs from June to October. This is the best time for wildlife viewing, animals gather around waterholes, and game drives are incredible. The Great Migration across the Serengeti also peaks around this time. In North Africa (Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia), the cooler months from December to March are best for sightseeing, avoiding the brutal desert heat. Expect bigger crowds and higher prices, especially around holiday periods like Christmas and New Year’s.
Shoulder Season:
April–May and November vary by region but are often ideal if you want fewer tourists and still-decent weather. In East Africa, April–May brings the long rains, less great for safaris but lush and green for photography. November is another “short rains” period in places like Kenya and Tanzania, but it’s still manageable and cheaper. In North Africa, April and May bring warm, pleasant temperatures without the winter tourist crowds.
Low Season:
January–March can be rainy and humid in parts of Southern Africa (especially Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe). It’s the off-season for safaris, but it’s good for birdwatching. In West Africa (Ghana, Senegal, Ivory Coast), July–September is the wet season, with heavy rains, muddy roads, and travel delays common. Some national parks and rural areas become inaccessible. However, if you plan carefully, low season often means serious discounts and much quieter travel, especially if you’re sticking to major cities or coastal resorts.
- East Africa: Best from June–October (safaris, dry season)
- Southern Africa: Best from May–September (cool, dry weather)
- North Africa: Best from October–April (comfortable for sightseeing)
- West Africa: Best from November–April (dry season, festivals)
- Central Africa: Tricky year-round, best in the drier months (June–September), but weather is unpredictable.
Africa Month by Month
January: Hot south, dry north, rainy equator. 65–95°F (18–35°C). Best for Cape Town beaches, Sahara trips, and gorilla trekking in Uganda and Rwanda.
February: Very hot south, dry north, rainy equator. 68–95°F (20–35°C). Great for South Africa’s Garden Route, desert tours in Morocco.
March: Hot south, dry north, start of rains equator. 70–92°F (21–33°C). Good time for early desert adventures and South Africa wine tours.
April: Wet equator, cooler south. 65–90°F (18–32°C). Safari low season; Victoria Falls at its fullest.
May: Start of dry season east/south, cooler north. 60–85°F (16–29°C). Excellent for Morocco, safaris in Botswana and Namibia start to pick up.
June: Dry, cool south and east, hot north. 55–80°F (13–27°C). Prime safari season in East Africa; Mediterranean north heats up.
July: Dry, cool, peak safari season. 55–80°F (13–27°C). Ideal for Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Madagascar, and trekking Mount Kilimanjaro.
August: Dry, busy, warm north. 58–82°F (14–28°C). Best time for wildlife safaris, Maasai Mara migration, and beach escapes in Zanzibar.
September: Dry, warming south, good east and north. 60–85°F (16–29°C). Great for safaris, Morocco tours, and South Africa’s spring blooms.
October: Dry, hot building up north and central. 65–90°F (18–32°C). Final great safari month; start of heat and rains in tropical regions.
November: Rain returns to east/central Africa. 65–90°F (18–32°C). Short rains affect safaris, but great for birdwatching and beach trips.
December: Hot south, dry north, wet equator. 68–95°F (20–35°C). Christmas travel peak in South Africa; dry desert trips in Egypt and Morocco.
Festivals & Events
Timkat (Epiphany): (January) – Major Ethiopian Orthodox festival celebrated with colorful processions.
Cape Town Minstrel Carnival: (January) – A lively parade of music and dance in South Africa.
Mawazine Festival: (May/June) – International music festival in Rabat, Morocco.
Lake of Stars Festival: (September) – Music and arts festival on the shores of Lake Malawi.
Great Migration Viewing: (July–October) – Annual wildebeest migration between Tanzania and Kenya.
FESPACO (Pan-African Film Festival): (February, every two years) – Held in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Fez Festival of World Sacred Music: (June) – Music from around the world in Morocco’s ancient city of Fez.
Festival au Désert: (January, historically) – Tuareg music festival in Mali (currently paused).
Gorilla Naming Ceremony (Kwita Izina): (September) – Rwanda’s special event celebrating newborn mountain gorillas.
Christmas & New Year’s Eve: (December) – Widely celebrated, especially in cities like Cape Town, Nairobi, and Accra.
Many travelers come to Africa to visit the stunning national parks of Kenya and Tanzania, experience the dramatic scenery all over the continent and spot incredible wildlife. Adventurous souls can climb to the peak of Mount Kenya or Mount Kilimanjaro, soak up some rays on the glorious beaches of South Africa and Mozambique, or try their hand at surfing, windsurfing or scuba diving.
In the north you can take a camel trek in Morocco or soak up the atmosphere of Egypt’s pyramids. For something different, enjoy some of the continent’s vibrant music festivals or go skiing in the Atlas Mountains.
Don’t Miss Activities
Go on a Safari in East or Southern Africa: Witness the Big Five, the Great Migration, or remote wildlife reserves in countries like Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana, and South Africa.
Visit the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt: Marvel at one of the world’s most iconic ancient wonders , the pyramids, the Sphinx, and the nearby Egyptian Museum.
Explore Cape Town and Table Mountain: Cape Town blends dramatic landscapes, beaches, vineyards, and diverse culture , hike or cable car up Table Mountain for panoramic views.
Trek to See Mountain Gorillas: In Rwanda, Uganda, or DR Congo, trek through misty forests to observe endangered mountain gorillas in their natural habitat.
Float Along the Nile River: Sail in a traditional felucca near Aswan or join luxury river cruises showcasing ancient temples and rural life.
Discover the Souks of Marrakech and Fez: Morocco’s labyrinthine markets offer carpets, spices, ceramics, and vibrant street life , a sensory overload.
Visit Victoria Falls: Straddling Zimbabwe and Zambia, “The Smoke That Thunders” is one of the largest and most spectacular waterfalls in the world.
Land Activities
Wildlife Safari / Bird Watching: Africa leads the world in safari experiences and bird diversity , national parks and reserves span the continent.
Hiking & Trekking: Trek the Atlas Mountains, Mount Kilimanjaro, Simien Mountains, or Drakensberg Range , from desert climbs to alpine hikes.
Motorcycle Touring: Popular in southern Africa, especially South Africa, Namibia, and Morocco, offering scenic, rugged, and diverse routes.
Bicycle Touring: Road and off-road cycling are growing, particularly in Rwanda, South Africa, and Morocco. Adventure tours cross deserts, savannahs, and mountains.
Rock Climbing: Spots like Todra Gorge (Morocco), Waterval Boven (South Africa), and parts of East Africa offer good climbing, though still niche.
Caving / Spelunking: Available in Morocco’s Atlas Mountains and southern African regions. Less known but with spectacular geology.
Water Activities
Scuba Diving: Outstanding diving in the Red Sea (Egypt, Sudan), Indian Ocean islands (Mozambique, Seychelles), and parts of East Africa.
Snorkeling: Coral reefs off Mozambique, Tanzania, Egypt, and island nations like Mauritius and Madagascar offer incredible underwater sights.
Fishing: Deep-sea fishing off Kenya, Tanzania, and Senegal; freshwater fishing in the Zambezi and Nile.
Kayaking / Canoeing: Paddle the Zambezi, Niger, Okavango Delta, or coastal waters of the Indian Ocean.
White Water Rafting: Raft the Zambezi River near Victoria Falls , some of the best Class V rapids in the world.
Surfing: Good breaks in Morocco (Taghazout), South Africa (Jeffreys Bay), and Senegal. Growing surf culture but less infrastructure in some regions.
Wind Surfing: Practiced along the Moroccan and South African coasts, and some inland lakes.
Leisure & Lifestyle
Weddings / Honeymoons: Safaris, beach resorts, private islands, and vineyard estates offer world-class romantic destinations across Africa.
Spa Treatments: Luxurious spas exist in South Africa, Morocco, Egypt, and coastal resorts, often blending traditional techniques.
Nightlife & Partying: Vibrant scenes in Cape Town, Nairobi, Lagos, Dakar, and Marrakech , music, dance, and cultural fusion.
Shopping: Souks, craft markets, and modern malls across the continent , leather goods, jewelry, textiles, and art are top finds.
Cooking Classes: Learn to prepare tagines in Morocco, Cape Malay dishes in South Africa, or street food specialties across West Africa.
Wellness, Spas & Yoga: Boutique yoga retreats in Morocco, South Africa, and East Africa are growing in popularity.
Golfing: Scenic courses in South Africa, Morocco, Kenya, and Mauritius attract international players.
Winter Activities
Skiing / Snowboarding: Limited skiing in Morocco’s Atlas Mountains and Lesotho’s Afriski resort. Novelty rather than serious destinations.
Cultural Experiences
Explore Ancient Cities and Monuments: Visit ancient sites like Giza, Timbuktu, Great Zimbabwe, Axum, and Lalibela , representing millennia of civilizations.
Stay in a Berber or Maasai Village: Experience Indigenous cultures through traditional hospitality, ceremonies, and homestays.
Attend Vibrant Festivals: Participate in events like Timkat in Ethiopia, the Fes Festival of World Sacred Music, or Lake of Stars in Malawi.
Visit Colorful Markets and Souks: Shop for spices, jewelry, crafts, and textiles in Marrakech, Stone Town, Dakar, and across West Africa.
Learn Traditional Dance and Music: Join drum circles, dance workshops, or live music events showcasing Africa’s rich rhythms and styles.
Tour Coffee Plantations or Vineyards: Explore Ethiopia’s coffee highlands or South Africa’s Cape Winelands for tasting and tours.
See Historic Churches, Mosques, and Synagogues: Africa’s religious diversity is reflected in ancient and living places of worship across the continent.
Unique
Go on a Walking Safari: Explore on foot in Zambia or Zimbabwe , a thrilling and intimate way to experience the bush.
Ride a Camel in the Sahara Desert: Trek across dunes near Merzouga or Douz, camping under starlit skies.
Track Mountain Gorillas: In the forests of Rwanda, Uganda, and DR Congo , an unforgettable wildlife encounter.
Float in the Okavango Delta: Take a mokoro (dugout canoe) through lush wetlands teeming with wildlife.
Visit the Rock-Hewn Churches of Lalibela: Carved entirely from stone, these medieval Ethiopian churches are a marvel of faith and architecture.
Sleep in a Luxury Tented Camp: Experience the wilds of Africa in style , from the Serengeti to the Kalahari.
Cross the Equator on Foot: In Kenya or Uganda, stand on the equator line , marked by colorful signs and cultural exhibits.
Courses & Learning
Swahili or Arabic Language Classes: Short-term courses available in Kenya, Tanzania, Morocco, Egypt, and elsewhere.
Cooking Workshops: Learn to make Moroccan tagines, Ethiopian injera, or West African jollof rice with local chefs.
Wildlife Photography Tours: Specially guided trips to capture wildlife in the Maasai Mara, Serengeti, Kruger, or Okavango.
Volunteer with Conservation Projects: Work with anti-poaching units, marine conservation, or community development across East, Southern, and West Africa.
Traditional Craft Workshops: Join artisans in pottery, weaving, beadwork, or leatherwork across different regions.
Safari Guide Training Courses: For those who want an immersive bush experience, guiding schools in South Africa and Botswana offer courses.
Music and Dance Workshops: Participate in drumming, traditional dances, or Afrobeat workshops in Senegal, Ghana, and South Africa.
Special Interest
- Climbing in Africa
- Diving in Africa
- Golfing in Africa
- Nightlife in Africa
- Shopping in Africa
- Skiing in Africa
- Surfing in Africa
- Trekking in Africa
- White Water Rafting in Africa
Travelers in Africa will find a massive range of accommodation options, from budget hostels and guesthouses to luxury safari lodges and beach resorts. Budget travelers can expect to pay anywhere from $5–$30 per night for dormitory beds or basic private rooms, especially in East and West Africa. Mid-range hotels and lodges typically cost $40–$120 per night, offering more comfort with private bathrooms, air conditioning, and often breakfast. For luxury seekers, Africa delivers some of the world’s most exclusive stays, from safari camps in Botswana to beach villas in Mauritius, often starting around $150 per night and soaring much higher for premium experiences.
In major cities like Nairobi, Cape Town, and Accra, accommodation options are plentiful, ranging from simple hostels to international five-star hotels. In rural areas, national parks, and coastal zones, you’ll find a mix of eco-lodges, tented camps, and homestays. Specialty accommodations like safari lodges, vineyard stays, and desert camps are a big part of travel here, often costing more but delivering memorable experiences.
Budget Travelers: Dorm beds and basic rooms typically cost between $5–$30 per night. In cities like Kampala, Dakar, or Maputo, hostels and budget hotels offer basic facilities like free Wi-Fi and breakfast. Rural areas often have simple guesthouses catering to backpackers and travelers on a shoestring.
Mid-Range: Comfortable mid-range hotels and boutique guesthouses typically range from $40–$120 per night. These include well-managed safari lodges, city hotels, and guesthouses offering modern amenities like Wi-Fi, air conditioning, and private bathrooms. Popular cities like Cape Town, Marrakech, and Windhoek offer plenty of options in this range.
Upscale: Luxury accommodations in Africa start at $150 per night and can exceed $1,000 per night for high-end safari lodges, beach resorts, and private villas. Premium properties often offer private guides, butler service, spa treatments, and prime wildlife or beachfront locations, especially in Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, and the Seychelles.
Hotels
Hotels in Africa vary widely depending on the region. In cities like Nairobi, Johannesburg, and Cairo, you’ll find everything from budget city hotels to luxury international chains. Smaller towns may only offer simple hotels or motels. South Africa, Morocco, and Kenya in particular have a strong selection of well-run, mid-range hotels catering to both tourists and business travelers.
Hostels
Hostels are becoming more common in Africa, particularly in tourist-friendly countries like South Africa, Morocco, Kenya, Uganda, and Ghana. Dormitory beds usually cost $5–$20 per night. Many hostels offer free Wi-Fi, communal kitchens, tour booking services, and organized activities. In more remote or less visited countries, hostels might be rarer, and guesthouses are the go-to choice for budget travelers.
Backpacker
Africa is a legendary backpacker destination, though it requires more planning than Southeast Asia or South America. Dormitory beds, simple rooms, and homestays are plentiful for $5–$30 per night. Overland travel routes like the “Cairo to Cape Town” trail or the “East African Loop” connect major cities and national parks. Budget-friendly countries for backpackers include Ethiopia, Uganda, Malawi, Mozambique, and South Africa.
Flashpacker
Flashpackers will find stylish boutique hotels, upgraded safari camps, and mid-range lodges for $40–$120 per night. In Cape Town, Marrakesh, or Zanzibar, you can stay in trendy hotels near the action with rooftop bars, swimming pools, and modern comforts. Flashpackers can also upgrade to comfortable safari lodges in Botswana or Tanzania without breaking the bank by traveling in shoulder season.
Homestays
Homestays are widespread across rural Africa and offer a great way to experience local culture. Prices generally range from $10–$40 per night. In countries like Kenya, Ghana, and Tanzania, homestays are often organized through community tourism projects, allowing visitors to stay with families, eat local food, and learn about traditional life. In places like Madagascar and Ethiopia, rural homestays can also help travelers access remote villages and cultural sites.
Camping
Camping is a major part of travel in Africa, especially for those visiting national parks or going overland. Campsites cost between $5–$20 per night for a basic pitch. Many campsites offer simple amenities like toilets, showers, and cooking areas. Organized overland tours often include camping as the main accommodation style. In Southern Africa, campgrounds in Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa’s parks are clean, scenic, and safe. Wild camping is possible in very remote areas but not always recommended without local knowledge.
Unique Stays
Africa excels in unique accommodations: tented safari camps, desert lodges, eco-retreats, and beachfront bungalows. In Tanzania and Kenya, you can stay in luxurious canvas camps overlooking wildlife migrations. In Namibia, sleep in stargazing pods in the desert. In Morocco, traditional riads offer stays in centuries-old homes with inner courtyards. On islands like Zanzibar or Mauritius, you can stay in overwater bungalows or private beachfront villas. Prices for unique stays can range from $30 for rustic eco-lodges to $1,000+ for luxury safari or island resorts.
Travelers to Africa have a lot to contend with. Extreme weather conditions, tropical diseases, contaminated water and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS all combine to make Africa a somewhat dangerous destination. An important part of any trip is getting the necessary vaccinations, and visitors should remember to never have unprotected sex, especially with local prostitutes and sex workers.
Some of the political tensions in Africa are too extreme for travel to these destinations to be recommended and violence is often known to erupt during election times in certain African countries. Travelers to Africa should keep up to date with current affairs before their trip. Although Africa can be a dangerous place to travel, it need not be any more dangerous than any other part of the world. Tourists should always remember to be careful when handling money or expensive camera equipment in public.
Health risks in Africa vary greatly depending on the country and region. Common health concerns include malaria, foodborne illnesses, and waterborne diseases. Travelers should take preventive measures, including vaccinations, using insect repellent, and drinking bottled or purified water. Healthcare facilities can range from world-class hospitals in cities like Cape Town and Nairobi to basic clinics in rural areas, making comprehensive travel insurance essential.
Scams & Petty Crime: Petty crime is common in major cities across Africa, particularly in markets, bus stations, and tourist spots. Pickpocketing and bag snatching are prevalent in crowded places, especially in cities like Cairo, Dakar, and Nairobi. Scams targeting tourists, such as overcharging for services, fake tours, or counterfeit goods, can also be a concern. Travelers should keep valuables secure and remain vigilant in busy areas.
Political Unrest: Several African countries experience political instability, civil unrest, or conflict, particularly in areas such as South Sudan, Somalia, and parts of the Sahel region. Protests and demonstrations can occur without warning, and they can sometimes turn violent. Travelers should stay informed about the security situation in the countries they plan to visit, follow local advice, and avoid political gatherings.
Diseases: Malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and other mosquito-borne diseases are common in many parts of Africa, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Vaccinations for diseases like yellow fever, hepatitis A, and typhoid are recommended before traveling to certain countries. Waterborne diseases like cholera are also a risk in areas with poor sanitation. Travelers should drink bottled or purified water, avoid ice in drinks, and eat only cooked food in some regions.
Health Facilities: Health care standards vary widely across the continent. Major cities in South Africa, Kenya, and Egypt have modern medical facilities, but rural areas often lack adequate healthcare services. In more remote regions, medical care may be basic, and evacuation to neighboring countries may be necessary in the case of serious illness or injury. Travel insurance with coverage for medical evacuation is essential.
Road Conditions: Road conditions in Africa can be unpredictable. Major highways in countries like Morocco, South Africa, and Egypt are generally in good condition, but many rural areas have poorly maintained or unpaved roads. Driving in cities can be challenging due to traffic congestion and erratic driving. In some regions, political unrest or violence may make roads unsafe. Public transportation options vary widely, with buses and taxis being the most common methods of travel in urban areas, but rural transport can be unreliable.
Food & Water: Foodborne illnesses are common in many parts of Africa due to varying standards of food hygiene. Tap water is often unsafe to drink in most countries, so bottled or boiled water is recommended. In some areas, travelers should avoid drinking any water unless it’s been purified. Street food can be delicious but carries higher risks of contamination, so it’s best to eat at busy, reputable vendors.
Nature’s Fury: Africa faces natural hazards such as tropical storms, floods, and droughts. The continent is also prone to occasional earthquakes and volcanic activity, especially in countries like Ethiopia and Tanzania. The Sahel region can experience extreme heat, while coastal regions may suffer from flooding or cyclones. Travelers should monitor local weather reports and take necessary precautions, particularly in regions prone to extreme conditions like heatwaves or floods.
This diverse continent offers a wide range of work opportunities and many chances to volunteer for varied and interesting projects. South Africa has job opportunities in anything from health care and hospitality to business consultancy, while some of the bigger tourist destinations have openings in hotel management, catering and cruise ship staff.
There are many opportunities to work or volunteer for NGOs in Africa. Many of these organizations take on young people with little or no experience in their fields of work, but by far some of the most interesting options can be found by those who have some level of experience or expertise within their fields. Work ranges from basic education and English language teaching to AIDS prevention, wildlife preservation and social work.
English teaching is a popular way to earn money while you travel, and many travelers find themselves doing this at some stage. You can often find work without a qualification, but better jobs can be found if you have a TEFL or equivalent qualification. With regards to work permits, once you have a job lined up, employers will often help you to obtain a work visa.
There is some opportunity to study in Africa, with countries like Kenya and Uganda accepting students on internships to study subjects ranging from wildlife conservation to game park management and veterinarian studies. Some countries accept students for one-year work placement projects. Courses range from beekeeping and archaeology, to medicine and AIDS prevention.
Most of these educational experiences are planned very carefully, making use of armed guards and rangers. Students can stay in campsites or bungalows and usually an onsite kitchen is provided. Many students also have the option to spend some free time on the continent at nature reserves or exploring the cities.